An arrangement for measuring gas concentrations in a gas absorption method, wherein the arrangement includes a plurality of light sources, a measuring cell, at least one measuring receiver and an evaluation apparatus. The measuring cell has a narrow, longitudinally-extended beam path with an entrance-side opening diameter B and an absorption length L with L>B, wherein the measuring cell has a gas inlet and a gas outlet wherein a plurality of light sources of different wavelength spectra is grouped into a first light source group wherein an optical homogeniser is interposed between the first light source group and the measuring cell, wherein, in particular, the homogeniser is coupled to the light source group directly or via a common optical assembly.

In a detecting device, infrared light is emitted by a first source in a detection target space; second light of a wavelength different from the infrared light is emitted by a second source in a direction different from a direction of the infrared light being emitted by the first source. A reflecting section provided in the direction of the second light being emitted reflects the second light. A light receiver receives infrared light emitted by the first source and reflected by the object, and receives infrared light radiating from the object as a result of the object being irradiated with the infrared light emitted by the first source and being irradiated with the second light emitted by the second source and reflected by the reflecting section. A detector detects the object based on the infrared light received by the light receiver.

A substance detection sensor includes a first light source, a second light source, and a substance detector. The first light source irradiates a detection area including a plurality of target areas with reference light having a first wavelength through surface irradiation using optical scanning. The second light source irradiates the detection area with first measuring light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength through the surface irradiation using the optical scanning. The substance detector detects a specific substance in the detection area based on reflection light of the reference light from the first light source and reflection light of the first measuring light from the second light source.

A sample classification device including a carrier, a first detection module, and a sample pipeline is provided. The first detection module includes a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, and a first optical sensing device. The first light emitting device is located on the carrier and used to emit light of a first wavelength. The second light emitting device is located on the carrier and used to emit light of a second wavelength. The first wavelength is different from the second wavelength. The first optical sensing device is located on the carrier and between the first light emitting device and the second light emitting device. The sample pipeline is located above the carrier and passes above the first optical sensing device.

A smoke detector includes: a casing; a first light emitting unit; a second light emitting unit; and a light receiving unit. A second scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a second extension extending from an intersection of the second emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the second light emitting unit is larger than a first scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a first extension extending from an intersection of the first emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the first light emitting unit.

A device for measuring a matter flux, including: at least one first light source to emit a first light beam having a measurement wavelength corresponding to the absorption wavelength of an element of interest of the matter flux; an optical connector; and a light sensor to receive, via the optical connector: an attenuated beam resulting from a transmission of the first light beam through the matter flux; and a non-attenuated beam resulting from a transmission of the first light beam without passing through the matter flux. The light sensor is one-dimensional and the optical connector is positioned relative to the light sensor so that the center of the optical connector is aligned with the center of the light sensor, the non-attenuated beam is spectrally directed towards a first part of the light sensor and the attenuated beam is spectrally directed towards a second part of the light sensor.

An apparatus (100) for optically characterizing a textile sample (106) comprises a presentation subsystem (102) comprising a viewing window (108). A radiation subsystem (114) comprises a radiation source (120) for directing a first, ultraviolet radiation (122) and a second, visible radiation (123) toward the sample (106), and causing the sample (106) to produce a fluorescent radiation (124) and a reflected radiation (125). A sensing subsystem (126) comprises an imager (130) for capturing the fluorescent radiation (124) and the reflected radiation (125) in an array of pixels (408). A control subsystem (132) comprises a processor (136) for controlling the presentation subsystem (102), the radiation subsystem (114), and the sensing subsystem (126), and for creating a fluorescent and reflected radiation image (400) containing both spectral information and spatial information in regard to the fluorescent radiation (124) and the reflected radiation (125).

An image processing apparatus includes a processor including hardware. The processor is configured to: acquire a first wavelength image and a second wavelength image, the first wavelength image being generated by irradiating a stage and by capturing light that has passed through the stage, the second wavelength image being generated by irradiating a specimen and by capturing light that has passed through the stage and the specimen, the specimen including a core tissue; calculate a spectral transmittance image; cause a display to display at least one of the spectral transmittance image and the second wavelength image as a display image; extract an area of the spectral transmittance image having spectral transmittance similar to spectral transmittance of a reference area in the display image as a core tissue area of the core tissue; and calculate an amount of the core tissue area.

A sample classification device including a carrier, a first detection module, and a sample pipeline is provided. The first detection module includes a first light-emitting device, a second light-emitting device, and a first optical sensing device. The first light emitting device is located on the carrier and used to emit light of a first wavelength. The second light emitting device is located on the carrier and used to emit light of a second wavelength. The first wavelength is different from the second wavelength. The first optical sensing device is located on the carrier and between the first light emitting device and the second light emitting device. The sample pipeline is located above the carrier and passes above the first optical sensing device.

A device for measuring a matter flux, including: at least one first light source to emit a first light beam having a measurement wavelength corresponding to the absorption wavelength of an element of interest of the matter flux; an optical connector; and a light sensor to receive, via the optical connector: an attenuated beam resulting from a transmission of the first light beam through the matter flux; and a non-attenuated beam resulting from a transmission of the first light beam without passing through the matter flux. The light sensor is one-dimensional and the optical connector is positioned relative to the light sensor so that the center of the optical connector is aligned with the center of the light sensor, the non-attenuated beam is spectrally directed towards a first part of the light sensor and the attenuated beam is spectrally directed towards a second part of the light sensor.