Disclosed are various embodiments for integrated diffuse correlation spectroscopy. A first control signal can be sent to a switch to cause an integrator to integrate a current from a photodiode. An integrated current can be received from the integrator, and a data signal can be sent to a computing device based at least in part on the integrated current. A second control signal can be sent to a switch to cause the integrator to cease integrating the current from the photodiode.

The present disclosure relates to optical methods and devices based on pulsate behavior of blood and optical absorption spectroscopy to measure the level of water and/or other substances or compounds, such as an alcohol or lipid, in the blood and the tissues surrounding blood vessels and arteries.

A sample analyzer with an optical detection device and a sample analysis method of the sample analyzer are disclosed. The optical detection device includes a fluid chamber, a light source and a light detector. The fluid chamber includes an illumination zone. An analyte flows through the illumination zone so as to form a sample stream. The light source illuminates the illumination zone to excite cell articles, reacted with a reagent, of the sample stream to emit a light signal. The light detector detects the fluorescent lights and transforms it into an electric signal. The light detector can include a silicon photomultiplier.

A method for detecting at least one property of a plant product, the method including: directing source light including ultraviolet (UV) light at UV wavelengths and polarized visible and/or near-infrared (VIS/NIR) light at VIS/NIR wavelengths onto a region of the plant product; blocking the polarized VIS/NIR light of the source light, and blocking polarized specular reflection from the region of the plant product, from being transmitted to a visible and/or near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectrometer; and transmitting a portion of emitted light caused by fluorescence and/or diffuse reflection from the region of the plant product to the visible and/or near-infrared (VIS/NIR) spectrometer.

Methods for quantifying fluorescence and optical properties in a turbid medium such as tissue. Devices and systems suitable for the methods are also disclosed.

A photoplethysmographic (PPG) device is disclosed. The PPG device can include one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors to generate the multiple light paths for measuring a PPG signal and perfusion indices of a user. The multiple light paths between each pair of light emitters and light detectors can include different separation distances to generate both an accurate PPG signal and a perfusion index value to accommodate a variety of users and usage conditions. In some examples, the multiple light paths can include the same separation distances for noise cancellation due to artifacts resulting from, for example, tilt and/or pull of the device, a user's hair, a user's skin pigmentation, and/or motion. The PPG device can further include one or more lenses and/or reflectors to increase the signal strength and/or and to obscure the optical components and associated wiring from being visible to a user's eye.

Disclosed herein is a computer-implemented method, a respective device, and a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The method includes: obtaining color values, texture values and digital images of a target coating, retrieving from a database one or more preliminary matching formulas based on the color and/or texture values obtained for the target coating, determining sparkle points within the respective obtained images and within the respective images associated with the one or more preliminary matching formulas, creating subimages of each sparkle point from the respective images, providing the created subimages to a convolutional neural network, the convolutional neural network being trained to correlate a respective subimage of a respective sparkle point with a pigment and/or pigment class, and determining, based on an output of the neural network, at least one of the one or more preliminary matching formulas as the formula(s) best matching the target coating.

The invention concerns method and an apparatus for analyzing the quality and quantity of bubbles or droplets of a dispersed phase in a construction material. The method may be used on construction materials before or during curing of the material, while in a non-solid state with the dispersed phase being entrapped therein. The inventive analyzing includes the steps of: applying a first side of an at least partially transparent plate in contact with a sample of said construction material to make a surface of said sample visible through said transparent plate; illuminating said surface of said sample through said plate from an opposite second side of said plate with at least one light source; providing a photosensitive sensor on said second side of said plate for receiving light reflected from said sample through said transparent plate, receiving from said photosensitive sensor electrical signals corresponding to said received reflected light and rendering from said electrical signals a visual representation of said surface of said sample using an imaging device; analyzing said visual representation with a computer system, by identifying bubbles or droplets of said dispersed phase from the surface of the sample by a spatial illumination encoding of the sample; and by determining the size and location of identified bubbles or droplets of said dispersed phase.

Finally, an indication of the quality of said construction material is computed, based on the size and distribution of the identified bubbles or droplets of said dispersed phase in said sample.

A recording medium determination device includes a light emitter, a light detector, and a hardware processor. The light emitter emits inspection light to a recording medium. The light detector detects incident light including at least one of diffuse reflected light of the inspection light emitted to the recording medium and fluorescent light excited by the inspection light in the recording medium. The hardware processor makes a determination depending on a property of the recording medium based on a detection result of first incident light of the incident light in accordance with first inspection light of the inspection light and second incident light of the incident light in accordance with second inspection light of the inspection light obtained by the light detector. The second inspection light has an intensity whose peak wavelength is shorter than the peak wavelength of the first inspection light.

An optical sensing system includes at least one electro-optical sensor having an adjustable field of view and at least one reflective member including a diffuse reflector surface positioned within the field of view of the at least one electro-optical sensor. The system also includes at least one controller configured to generate calibration parameters for the at least one electro-optical sensor based on data for at least one exposure detected by the electro-optical sensor when the diffuse reflector surface is within the field of view of the at least one electro-optical sensor. Methods for calculating the calibration parameters and for directly measuring reflectivity of objects in a scene with at least one electro-optical sensor are also disclosed herein.