A means is provided for enabling easy identification of baggage in which one or more hazardous item is detected. An inspection system is equipped with a first conveyor, inspection device, cover, camera, controller and display. The first conveyor transports baggage to the inspection device. The inspection device captures transmitted-light images of the baggage using light that transmits through the baggage. The cover covers a transport path of the baggage to prevent a hand of a visitor from being inserted into an image shooting area where electromagnetic waves that are harmful to the human body are irradiated. The camera captures visible-light images of the baggage using visible light. The controller controls the first conveyor, inspection device, camera and display. Under control of the controller, the display simultaneously displays a transmitted-light image and a visible-light image of the baggage.

Technology described herein includes a method that includes providing, by an optical light source, a light beam configured to traverse an optical path through a fluid comprising the biological sample in a container. A length of the optical path through the fluid is between 3.3 mm to 5.5 mm, and a center of the light beam is at a height less than 1.6 mm from a bottom interior surface of the container, and a volume of the fluid is less than 120 μL. An optical detector receives optical information after the light beam traverses the optical path. An output of the optical detector is associated with at least one parameter representing the one or more characteristics of the biological sample.

A device to measure the amount of light able to transmit through a liquid. The device uses a light detector and multiple light emitting diodes (LED's) along with an optical unit such that the light detector, LED's, and an optical unit define a path of light emitted by each individual LED or subgroup of LED's and detected by the detector. The device uses a structure designed to surround the LED's and light detector such that the structure allows the device to be immersed in the liquid and such that the structure is shaped to allow a volume of liquid to be between the LED's and detector, intersecting the light path.

Techniques for detecting narcotics such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or other aerosols such as cannabinoids, opioids, etc., in an exhaled breath using infrared spectroscopy are provided. An example of an apparatus for sensing THC according to the disclosure includes a tunable laser source, at least one photodetector, a sample cell disposed between the tunable laser source and the at least one photodetector, and at least one processor operably coupled to the tunable laser source and the at least one photodetector and configured to provide a control signal to the tunable laser source, determine a spectral absorption line or group of absorption lines associated with THC based on an intensity of infrared light detected by the at least one photodetector, and determine a THC concentration value based on the spectral absorption line intensity. A laser-based apparatus for sensing narcotics in exhaled breath may include a single, dual, or multi-optical frequency comb spectrometer.

In one embodiment, an apparatus to identify chemical and spatial properties of nanoparticles in a semiconductor cleaning solution, comprises a broadband light source to provide an excitation beam; a focusing lens in a path of the excitation beam to form a focused excitation beam; a sample cell, the sample cell configured to hold a cleaning solution and one or more insoluble analytes-of-interest therein; a plurality of optical lens in the path of one or more fluorescence signals to focus the one or more fluorescence signals; and an imaging device, wherein the imaging device captures the one or more fluorescence signals to form a plurality of images that contain both spatial data and spectral data about the one or more insoluble analytes-of-interest.

Highly quantitative methods for determining the concentration of residual phase transfer catalysts (PTCs) in radiotracer or radiopharmaceutical doses are described. The methods comprise mixing aliquots of the doses that can contain residual PTCs with a sodium and/or potassium salt; extracting a residual PTC/salt complex into an organic phase; and detecting the amount of PTC/salt complex in the organic phase. The detecting can involve visual colorimetry or measuring the absorbance or transmittance of the organic phase when the sodium and/or potassium salt comprises a chromophoric ion, or measuring the resistance of the organic phase. Also described are devices for use in performing the methods.

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to short-wave infrared (SWIR) materials, SWIR detectors, and methods of use. In an aspect, a SWIR detector is provided and includes a conductive layer disposed over a first portion of a substrate, the conductive layer having a trench therein, and a hole transport layer disposed over at least a second portion of the substrate and within the trench of the conductive layer. The SWIR detector further includes a light conversion layer disposed over at least a portion of the hole transport layer, the light conversion layer comprising a composition having the formula A.sub.aB.sub.bM.sub.cX.sub.d, wherein: A is an organic group or ion thereof; B is an organic group, an inorganic group, or ion thereof; M is a metal or ion thereof; X is a halogen or ion thereof; and a, b, c, and d are numbers expressing amounts of A, B, M, and X.

Techniques for detecting narcotics such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or other aerosols such as cannabinoids, opioids, etc., in an exhaled breath using infrared spectroscopy are provided. An example of an apparatus for sensing THC according to the disclosure includes a tunable laser source, at least one photodetector, a sample cell disposed between the tunable laser source and the at least one photodetector, and at least one processor operably coupled to the tunable laser source and the at least one photodetector and configured to provide a control signal to the tunable laser source, determine a spectral absorption line or group of absorption lines associated with THC based on an intensity of infrared light detected by the at least one photodetector, and determine a THC concentration value based on the spectral absorption line intensity. A laser-based apparatus for sensing narcotics in exhaled breath may include a single, dual, or multi-optical frequency comb spectrometer.

Disclosed is a residual toxicant detection device for detecting the amount of residual toxicants in an aqueous solution to be measured. The residual toxicant detection device includes an accommodation space formed from a shell, a water inlet and a water outlet positioned on the shell for the aqueous solution to flow therein and thereout, respectively, a sensing chamber in the accommodation space, a light source emitter and a light sensor positioned near the sensing chamber, the light source emitter emitting light of a wavelength range, the light sensor receiving the light passing through the sensing chamber, and a circuit board receiving sensing signals sensed by the light sensor, such that absorbance and a change of the absorbance of residual toxicants in the aqueous solution to be measured are calculated.

A means is provided for enabling easy identification of baggage in which one or more hazardous item is detected. An inspection system is equipped with a first conveyor, inspection device, cover, camera, controller and display. The first conveyor transports baggage to the inspection device. The inspection device captures transmitted-light images of the baggage using light that transmits through the baggage. The cover covers a transport path of the baggage to prevent a hand of a visitor from being inserted into an image shooting area where electromagnetic waves that are harmful to the human body are irradiated. The camera captures visible-light images of the baggage using visible light. The controller controls the first conveyor, inspection device, camera and display. Under control of the controller, the display simultaneously displays a transmitted-light image and a visible-light image of the baggage.