A detection system serves for X-ray inspection of an object. An imaging optical arrangement serves to image the object in an object plane illuminated by X-rays generated by an X-ray source. The imaging optical arrangement comprises an imaging optics to image a transfer field in a field plane into a detection field in a detection plane. A detection array is arranged at the detection field. An object mount holds the object to be imaged and is movable relative to the light source via an object displacement drive along at least one lateral object displacement direction in the object plane. A shield stop with a transmissive shield stop aperture is arranged in an arrangement plane in a light path and is movable via a shield stop displacement drive in the arrangement plane. A control device has a drive control unit, which is in signal connection with the shield stop displacement drive and with the object displacement drive for synchronizing a movement of the shield stop displacement drive and the object displacement drive. The result is an optimization of an X-ray illumination of the object to achieve a high-resolution object imaging.

The present disclosure provide pipe scanning systems suitable for performing integrity and reliability inspection of pipelines, including insulated and non-insulated pipelines. The pipe scanning system may include a track disposed about a surface of the pipeline (e.g., on top of the insulation for insulated pipelines or on top of the pipe for non-insulated pipelines) and a scanning device mounted on the track via a drive carriage. The drive carriage includes components to facilitate movement of the drive carriage and the scanning device along the track such that the scanning device travels about the circumference of the pipeline. The scanning device includes an x-ray emitter and a digital x-ray detector that may capture media content indicative of a scanned section of the pipeline (e.g., a 360° circumferential scan), and the media content may be analyzed to detect the presence of one or more defects, such as corrosion under insulation (CUI).

For volumetric analysis of the elemental composition of a measured sample (3) the method of three-dimensional scanning is executing using fluorescence induced by electromagnetic radiation, in which the primary beam (1) of electromagnetic radiation is flattened and is directed at the measured sample (3) in which it irradiates the measured area (6). From the measured area (6) there exits fluorescence radiation, which is almost completely shielded by the shielding means (7) to a secondary beam (9), which is released towards the shielded detector (4) through the permeable area (8) formed in the shielding means (7). The secondary beam (9) projects the image of the measured area (6) onto the shielded detector (4), which records the data of the measured area (6) and subsequently uses the data to obtain an elemental composition of the measured sample (3), including the distribution of concentration of elements in the sample volume.

A method for identifying a foil position in a power storage device includes: analyzing the power storage device by X-ray CT analysis to obtain an X-ray absorbed amount at each position; acquiring an on-path X-ray absorbed amount at each on-path position on a specific imaginary line passing through an electrode sheet; and identifying a foil position of an electrode foil through which the specific imaginary line passes, based on the on-path X-ray absorbed amount. The foil position identifying includes fitting to determine an approximate curve that changes to fit a change in the on-path X-ray absorbed amount in a fitting region and generates a single peak in the fitting region, and estimating a foil position of a single electrode foil from the on-path position corresponding to the single peak of the determined approximate curve.

A system is provided. The system includes a conveyor apparatus configured for conveying a material and a water content measurement system positioned about the conveyor apparatus for determining water content in the material. A dimension characteristic measurement system for detecting one or more dimension characteristics of the material is provided and a computer device is configured to manipulate data received from the water content measurement system and the dimension characteristic measurement system to determine a water content of the material.

A rock modeling method is disclosed. An effective rock property of a rock sample is determined based on a digital rock. Instead of upscaling rock properties, the digital rock is constructed by upscaling relationships and rock physics models of segmented rock materials. Relationships between different scalar, elastic, and petrophysical properties of different segmented rock materials are established at the high-resolution scale where the pore structure is resolved. These relationships are then applied to the same rock material at the macro-scale. Finally, the effective rock properties are computed using Darcy-like solver to get the final values at a representative rock volume. Embodiments allow for performing non-destructive fluid/solid substitution and other reproducible digital experiments to study control factors that affect these relationships within rocks. Accordingly, for unconventional reservoirs, organic matter porosity can be filled with organic matter (kerogen) to build a rock physics model based on kerogen maturity and pore size.

The present embodiments generally relate to methods of non-destructively imaging plant root damage by insect root herbivores and evaluating the efficacy of insecticidal materials associated with the roots of plants against the insect root herbivores, useful for automated high throughput bioassays.

A method for detecting the maximum potential presence of a material in an object. The method includes obtaining raw x-ray image data comprising a plurality of pixels for the object from an X-ray scanning device, wherein each pixel of the plurality of pixels has associated therewith an attenuation value and an effective atomic number (Z.sub.eff) for the pixel. The method further includes converting, for each pixel having a Z.sub.eff value greater than a threshold effective atomic number (Z.sub.eff-threshold), the Z.sub.eff at the pixel to the Z.sub.eff-threshold while applying a correction factor to the attenuation value for the pixel to bring the attenuation value into correspondence with the conversion of the Z.sub.eff value for the pixel and determining a maximum potential amount of the material present at each pixel based on the corrected attenuation value at the pixel. This renders material more apparent in visual display.

A defect inspection system includes an X-ray generator that generates X-ray to be irradiated to a structure, and an X-ray detector that detects the X-ray generated by the X-ray generator and transmitted through the structure. In particular, the X-ray generator is configured to be moved by a first transporting means, and the X-ray detector is configured to be moved by a second transporting means. The system further includes a control unit configured to control and operate the first transporting means and the second transporting means.

A method for determining the placement accuracy of a plurality of electrode sheets, wherein the electrode sheets extend on mutually parallel planes and are stacked on top of one another and form a stack; wherein the placement accuracy describes positions of the edges of all of the electrode sheets relative to one another in the stack; wherein the method is carried out using a measuring device having a two-dimensionally resolving X-ray system with at least one beam source for X-ray radiation and a detector.