The disclosure provides methods for determining the presence of coronavirus neutralizing antibodies in a sample as well as associated compositions and kits. The methods of the disclosure use recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) particles, wherein the VSV glycoprotein (G) is replaced by a coronavirus spike (S) glycoprotein or a fragment or a derivative thereof. In a specific embodiment, the S glycoprotein is derived from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the methods are used for determining the presence of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies.

Described herein is a method of identifying a monoclonal antibody (or antigen-binding fragment thereof) that specifically binds a plurality of lyssaviruses for use in post-exposure rabies prophylaxis or in the treatment of clinical rabies. The method includes using a naïve antibody phage display library to screen for phage clones that bind whole recombinant rabies virus or cells expressing glycoprotein from multiple lyssaviruses (such as RABV, MOKV and WCBV) and/or specifically bind recombinant glycoprotein from different lyssaviruses.

The present invention relates to the use of a particle, including a virus-like particle (VLP), for the discovery and analysis of protein-protein interactions that are modulated by small molecules.

Described herein are compositions and methods for detecting immune response to pathogens. Also described herein are methods and systems utilizing the compositions for detecting adaptive immunity.

The present invention relates to recombinantly constructed proteins useful for analytical assays, in particular for determining in a biological sample obtained from an individual the presence of antibodies specific for a rhabdovirus. More particular, the present invention relates to a polypeptide comprising an ectodomain of a rhabdovirus glycoprotein and a heterologous multimerization domain linked to said ectodomain. In one example, a fusion protein of the formula x-y-z is provided, wherein x consists of or comprises such an ectodomain being optionally free of a furin cleavage site, y is a linker moiety, and z is a heterologous multimerization domain optionally selected from the group consisting of immunoglobulin sequence, coiled coil sequence, streptavidin sequence, fibritin sequence, and avidin sequence.

The present invention relates to recombinantly constructed proteins useful for analytical assays, in particular for determining in a biological sample obtained from an individual the presence of antibodies specific for a rhabdovirus. More particular, the present invention relates to a polypeptide comprising an ectodomain of a rhabdovirus glycoprotein and a heterologous multimerization domain linked to said ectodomain. In one example, a fusion protein of the formula x-y-z is provided, wherein x consists of or comprises such an ectodomain being optionally free of a furin cleavage site, y is a linker moiety, and z is a heterologous multimerization domain optionally selected from the group consisting of immunoglobulin sequence, coiled coil sequence, streptavidin sequence, fibritin sequence, and avidin sequence.

The present disclosure provides an evaluation method of a pathogen inactivation effect, including: evaluating an inactivation effect with a maximum value of effective pathogen inactivation (MVEPI) as a standard reference index; where the MVEPI refers to a maximum of a log reduction factor after pathogen solutions of different concentrations before inactivation are treated according to a same inactivation method. The MVEPI can be obtained through the following steps: inactivating a sample containing pathogens with different initial concentrations through a pathogen inactivation method of tested pathogens; detecting changes in the concentration of pathogens with different initial concentrations before and after pathogen inactivation; and analyzing a relationship between the concentration of pathogens before inactivation and the concentration of pathogens after inactivation and the concentration before inactivation by linear fitting and other methods.

Described herein is a method of identifying a monoclonal antibody (or antigen-binding fragment thereof) that specifically binds a plurality of lyssaviruses for use in post-exposure rabies prophylaxis or in the treatment of clinical rabies. The method includes using a nave antibody phage display library to screen for phage clones that bind whole recombinant rabies virus or cells expressing glycoprotein from multiple lyssaviruses (such as RABV, MOKV and WCBV) and/or specifically bind recombinant glycoprotein from different lyssaviruses.

The present application relates to compositions and methods for tracing cell networks, e.g., for investigation of cell interactions in the CNS with single cell resolution.

The present invention relates to polymer nanodiscs comprising a lipid bilayer and an amphiphilic polymer, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the polymer nanodiscs. The polymer nanodiscs of the present invention, comprising the lipid bilayer and the amphiphilic polymer, exhibit an antivirus effect when used, and thus may be used for preventing or treating virus infections.