A surface modified electrode and a method of preparing the surface modified electrode are provided. The surface modified electrode includes a glassy carbon electrode and a coating of a compound of formula I disposed on the glassy carbon electrode. The present disclosure also relates to a method of preparing the surface modified electrode. The method includes depositing a slurry of the compound of Formula I on the glassy carbon electrode to form a film and coating a polymer matrix on the film to obtain the surface modified electrode. The present disclosure also relates to a method of preparing the compound of Formula I. The method includes condensing 4-bromobenzaldehyde (4-BBD) and 4-methyl-benzenesulphonylhydrazine (4-MBSH), to obtain a first mixture and precipitating the first mixture to obtain the compound of Formula I. The surface modified electrode is used in an electrochemical sensor for the detection of metal ions. ##STR00001##

Methods and apparatuses for selective monitoring of multiple silicon compounds in etchant solutions are provided. Methods can include reacting a test solution comprising a plurality of different silicon compounds with a fluoride-based compound in several conditions to provide different silicon:reagent binding ratios. One of the conditions can include the addition of a co-solvent to the test solution. Concentrations of the multiple silicon compounds can be determined based on the different binding ratios of silicon:reagent. Methods can further include a measuring method such as silicon elemental analysis or measuring of functional groups of a certain silicon form of a first portion of a test solution comprising a plurality of different silicon compounds and reacting a second portion of the solution with a fluoride-based compound to provide a silicon:reagent binding ratio. Concentrations of the multiple silicon compounds can be determined based on the measuring method and binding ratio measurements.

Methods and apparatuses for selective monitoring of multiple silicon compounds in etchant solutions are provided. Methods can include reacting a test solution comprising a plurality of different silicon compounds with a fluoride-based compound in several conditions to provide different silicon:reagent binding ratios. One of the conditions can include the addition of a co-solvent to the test solution. Concentrations of the multiple silicon compounds can be determined based on the different binding ratios of silicon:reagent. Methods can further include a measuring method such as silicon elemental analysis or measuring of functional groups of a certain silicon form of a first portion of a test solution comprising a plurality of different silicon compounds and reacting a second portion of the solution with a fluoride-based compound to provide a silicon:reagent binding ratio. Concentrations of the multiple silicon compounds can be determined based on the measuring method and binding ratio measurements.

Provided is an electrical property measuring device capable of increasing reliability of evaluation of electrical properties of 3D structures such as living tissues and biomimetic structures and simplifying a measurement process by improving an ion concentration gradient caused by an ion concentration polarization phenomenon. The electrical property measuring device includes an ion-selective permeable membrane having a porous structure; and a non-uniform microchannel spaced apart from the ion-selective permeable membrane and including a plurality of parallelly arranged flow channels through which a fluid passes, wherein cross-sectional areas of the flow channels are different.

A solid state electrolyte and method of preparation is provided. The solid state electrolyte includes a plasticized polymer matrix with non-dissolved salt crystals embedded in the polymer matrix and wherein the non-dissolved crystals are suitable for dissolving ions in the plasticized polymer. The method of preparation includes dissolving a plasticizer and a polymer matrix in an organic solvent to obtain a plasticized polymer matrix; and mixing the salt crystals with the plasticized polymer matrix, wherein the weight ratio of salt crystals versus plasticizer and polymer matrix and organic solvent is above saturation concentration such that non-dissolved salt crystals are embedded in the plasticized polymer matrix.

A solid state electrolyte and method of preparation is provided. The solid state electrolyte includes a plasticized polymer matrix with non-dissolved salt crystals embedded in the polymer matrix and wherein the non-dissolved crystals are suitable for dissolving ions in the plasticized polymer. The method of preparation includes dissolving a plasticizer and a polymer matrix in an organic solvent to obtain a plasticized polymer matrix; and mixing the salt crystals with the plasticized polymer matrix, wherein the weight ratio of salt crystals versus plasticizer and polymer matrix and organic solvent is above saturation concentration such that non-dissolved salt crystals are embedded in the plasticized polymer matrix.

Embodiments are directed to a chemical sensor and a method of fabricating a chemical sensor that includes a membrane having full circumferential adhesion. The chemical sensor device includes a silicon substrate comprising a sensor-side and a backside. The sensor-side includes a sensor-side electrode; a first passivation layer disposed on the substrate; and a second passivation layer on the first passivation layer and adjacent to the sensor-side electrode, the passivation layer comprising an adhesion trench exposing a portion of the first passivation layer, and a polyimide ring disposed on the second passivation layer. The backside includes a backside electrode on the backside of the substrate. The substrate includes an electrically isolated doped region, such as a through silicon via, electrically connecting the sensor-side electrode and the backside electrode.

The present disclosure refers to a sensor assembly for an IVD analyzer, the sensor comprising two opposite substrates with at least one fluidic conduit for receiving a sample. The electrodes of different types of electrochemical sensors are arranged on the two opposite substrates facing the at least one fluidic conduit for coming in contact with the sample and determining sample parameters, wherein the counter electrodes and the reference electrodes are formed on one substrate and the working electrodes are formed on the opposite substrate. This achieves optimal sensor-working conditions in terms of a homogeneous and symmetrical electric field density and enables a sensor assembly with simpler geometry and smaller size.

The present invention provides an electrolyte measuring device that makes it possible to detect failure in the device with a high degree of accuracy. The electrolyte measuring device has: an ion-selective electrode to which an ion solution including ions is supplied; a reference electrode; a measurement section to measure a potential difference between the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode; and a current measurement section to measure an electric current flowing in the reference electrode.

The present invention provides an electrolyte measuring device that makes it possible to detect failure in the device with a high degree of accuracy. The electrolyte measuring device has: an ion-selective electrode to which an ion solution including ions is supplied; a reference electrode; a measurement section to measure a potential difference between the ion-selective electrode and the reference electrode; and a current measurement section to measure an electric current flowing in the reference electrode.