A method for the measurement of the speed of sound in a gas suitable for the determination of gas characteristics, especially the composition of the gas, the temperature and/or the humidity of the gas, and a speed of sound based gas sensor arrangement adapted to measure that gas characteristics comprising sound sending means and sound receiving means and signal processing unit. A sound sender is used as sound sender and a first sound receiver and a second sound receiver as sound receiving means, all three of them being arranged such that the travel distance of the sound provided by the sender to the first receiver is different from the travel distance of the sound provided by the sender to the second receiver. Further the arrangement includes the signal processing means connected with the sender and the receivers which operate the sender and determine gas characteristics, especially the composition of the gas, the temperature and/or the humidity of the gas, from the different signals provided by the first and the second receiver.

Method for monitoring for partial discharges in an electrical installation comprising at least one electrical cubicle, the electrical cubicle comprising at least one item of medium-voltage or high-voltage electrical equipment.

A gas detection apparatus and method for measuring humidity using an electrochemical gas sensor. The gas detection apparatus comprises an electrolyte-based electrochemical gas sensor and a controller configured to measure the average humidity value within an ambient environment over a period of time. The average ambient humidity value over the period of time is determined based on the average rate of change over the period of time of the electrolyte concentration within the electrolyte gas sensor of the gas detection apparatus over the period and the average temperature in the ambient environment over the period of time. The gas sensing apparatus may be configured to communicate the average ambient humidity value within the ambient environment to a second electrochemical gas sensor or a second gas detection apparatus within the same ambient environment.

A system is provided that detects the odor of air exhaled from a subject. Based on affection information and the odor, the system indicates features of the exhaled air related to a disease based on measurement information in which the affection information indicates affection or non-affection. The system also detects the odor in the air from a medical examinee. Based on the measurement information and the features, the system determines the possibility that the medical examinee will be affected with a disease.

A system and method for monitoring environmental state that includes a structure element with a base substrate and at least one reflector element integrated to the base substrate, wherein the reflector element is physically configured with at least one response signature that is discretely expressed based on an substance induced environmental condition of the reflector element; and a remote monitor device comprising a transmitter and receiver unit and a controller, wherein the monitor device is configured to interrogate the structure element; detect a response signature corresponding to at least the one reflector element; and map the response signature to a corresponding substance induced environmental condition.

A multi-gas sensor to detect food spoilage and a method of forming the same are disclosed. The multi-gas sensor includes a silicon substrate and a plurality of chemical sensitive field effect transistor (CSFET) sensors formed on a surface of the silicon substrate, wherein each one of the plurality of CSFET sensors are decorated with a different material to detect a different gas associated with food spoilage.

A gas monitor configured to monitor at least one target gas in an environmental mixture, by separating and concentrating the target gas and then adjusting for the concentration factor. The adjustment may also take into account sensor sensitivities to other gases. Methods for adjustment of target gas results and increasing accuracy of monitoring are described.

An in-vehicle sensing module for monitoring a vehicle is disclosed, which is advantageous for use in the context of a shared vehicle service, such as a car rental service, an autonomous taxi service, or a ride sharing service. The in-vehicle sensing module at least includes a controller, a cellular transceiver, and one or more integrated sensors configured to monitor a status of the vehicle. The in-vehicle sensing module utilizes appropriate algorithms, models, or thresholds to interpret sensor data and enrich the data with metadata and event detection. The in-vehicle sensing module uploads relevant sensor data, event data, or other metadata to a cloud storage backend, which is made accessible by authorized third-parties.

A method of operating a gas sensing device is described. The method includes receiving a signal indicative of a value of resistance of a gas sensing element, processing the signal received to compute a value of a gas concentration, performing a comparison of the value of gas concentration to a threshold, and, based on the outcome of a diagnosis procedure, setting the device to an alert signal issue state as a function of the outcome of the comparison. The diagnosis procedure includes computing a set of parameters indicative of the state of the gas sensor circuit, and classifying the gas sensor circuit in one of a first, a second and a third class based on the parameters.

A gas detector comprises a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor whose resistance decreases in reducing gases and a digital information processing device that treats the output of the gas sensor and compares the output with a comparison value for gas detection. The digital information processing device extracts data representing the resistance of the gas sensor in air from the output of the gas sensor and generates the comparison value such that the larger the resistance of the gas sensor in air is, the larger the ratio between the resistance of the gas sensor in air and a resistance value corresponding to the comparison value is.