Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to make and/or process a diagnostic test device are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a sensor to measure a current between a first electrode and a second electrode of a bioelectrochemical cell coupled to a test zone corresponding to a target analyte on a porous media of a device; a processor to compare the current to a threshold; and when the current is more than the threshold, identify that the target analyte is present in a sample; and an antenna to wirelessly transmit results.

Methods, apparatus, systems, and articles of manufacture to make and/or process a diagnostic test device are disclosed. An example apparatus includes a sensor to measure a current between a first electrode and a second electrode of a bioelectrochemical cell coupled to a test zone corresponding to a target analyte on a porous media of a device; a processor to compare the current to a threshold; and when the current is more than the threshold, identify that the target analyte is present in a sample; and an antenna to wirelessly transmit results.

The present disclosure provides antibodies that specifically bind to botulinum neurotoxins. The antibodies and derivatives thereof that specifically bind to the neutralizing epitopes provided herein can be used in methods to specifically bind and, in some embodiments, neutralize, botulinum neurotoxin and are therefore also useful in the treatment.

The present disclosure provides antibodies that specifically bind to botulinum neurotoxins. The antibodies and derivatives thereof that specifically bind to the neutralizing epitopes provided herein can be used in methods to specifically bind and, in some embodiments, neutralize, botulinum neurotoxin and are therefore also useful in the treatment.

The present invention relates to a method for the diagnosis of a disease comprising contacting a donor tissue section with a liquid capable of extracting an antibody from said donor tissue section and contacting said liquid with an acceptor material comprising an antigen, followed by detection of a complex comprising the antibody and the antigen, and a diagnostically useful carrier comprising a donor tissue section and an acceptor material comprising an antigen.

The present invention relates to a method for the diagnosis of a disease comprising contacting a donor tissue section with a liquid capable of extracting an antibody from said donor tissue section and contacting said liquid with an acceptor material comprising an antigen, followed by detection of a complex comprising the antibody and the antigen, and a diagnostically useful carrier comprising a donor tissue section and an acceptor material comprising an antigen.

The present invention relates to systems that utilize a combination of immunoassay and magnetic immunoassay techniques to detect an analyte within an extended range of specified concentrations. In particular, a device is provided for detecting an analyte in a biological sample. The device includes a first electrochemical sensor positioned on a substrate. The first electrochemical sensor includes an immobilized layer of antibody configured to bind to the analyte. The device further includes a second electrochemical sensor positioned adjacent to the first electrochemical sensor on the substrate, and a magnetic material that generates a magnetic field aligned with respect to the second electrochemical sensor. The magnetic field captures magnetic beads that have an immobilized layer of antibody configured to bind to the analyte, and concentrates the magnetic beads on or near a surface of the second electrochemical sensor.

The present invention relates to systems that utilize a combination of immunoassay and magnetic immunoassay techniques to detect an analyte within an extended range of specified concentrations. In particular, a device is provided for detecting an analyte in a biological sample. The device includes a first electrochemical sensor positioned on a substrate. The first electrochemical sensor includes an immobilized layer of antibody configured to bind to the analyte. The device further includes a second electrochemical sensor positioned adjacent to the first electrochemical sensor on the substrate, and a magnetic material that generates a magnetic field aligned with respect to the second electrochemical sensor. The magnetic field captures magnetic beads that have an immobilized layer of antibody configured to bind to the analyte, and concentrates the magnetic beads on or near a surface of the second electrochemical sensor.

The present disclosure provides “all-in-one” cartridges which contain necessary reagents and materials to isolate/preconcentrate targeted proteins from blood plasma and ionize them for mass spectrometry detection. In another configuration, the cartridges include proteolytic enzymes to digest the proteins into smaller peptides in addition to preconcentration and ionization for mass spectrometry detection.

The present disclosure provides a method for performing agglutination assays on a “two plate” DMF device format. Droplets containing analytes of interest (particles, cells, etc.) are loaded into the DMF device and mixed with solution-phase or dried agglutinating antibodies or antigens. The agglutinating agents bind to their complementary targets (e.g. antibodies or antigens for example) in the sample droplets, which leads to the formation of insoluble aggregates. Active mixing on a DMF device reduces the reaction time and enhances the agglutination effect. Since the agglutinated sample is sandwiched between two plates on the DMF device, it is straightforward to visualize the result by eye or via a digital camera.