Disclosed herein are embodiments of gold nanoparticles and methods of making and using the gold nanoparticles. The disclosed gold nanoparticles have core sizes and polydispersities controlled by the methods of making the gold nanoparticles. In some embodiments, the methods of making the gold nanoparticles can concern using flow reactors and reaction conditions controlled to make gold nanoparticles having a desired core size. The gold nanoparticles disclosed herein also comprise various ligands that can be used to facilitate the use of the gold nanoparticles in a variety of applications.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of gold nanoparticles and methods of making and using the gold nanoparticles. The disclosed gold nanoparticles have core sizes and polydispersities controlled by the methods of making the gold nanoparticles. In some embodiments, the methods of making the gold nanoparticles can concern using flow reactors and reaction conditions controlled to make gold nanoparticles having a desired core size. The gold nanoparticles disclosed herein also comprise various ligands that can be used to facilitate the use of the gold nanoparticles in a variety of applications.

The present invention relates to a nano-dynamic biosensor and a fabrication method therefor. A biosensor according to the present invention comprises a substrate having a hollow structure and a graphene layer formed thereon wherein a probe material is bound to the surface of the graphene layer and the resonance vibration of the hollow structure formed in the substrate is modulated as the probe material increases in weight when a target material to be detected is coupled to the probe material without being labeled, whereby the biosensor is expected to take advantage of the modulation to measure the coupling of the target material including vaccinia virus with high sensitivity on a femtogram (10.sup.−15 g) level.

The present invention relates to a nano-dynamic biosensor and a fabrication method therefor. A biosensor according to the present invention comprises a substrate having a hollow structure and a graphene layer formed thereon wherein a probe material is bound to the surface of the graphene layer and the resonance vibration of the hollow structure formed in the substrate is modulated as the probe material increases in weight when a target material to be detected is coupled to the probe material without being labeled, whereby the biosensor is expected to take advantage of the modulation to measure the coupling of the target material including vaccinia virus with high sensitivity on a femtogram (10.sup.−15 g) level.

There is provided an influenza virus detection chip and a method for detecting influenza virus therewith. An influenza virus detection chip including: a graphene oxide film; a first pad disposed on one side of the graphene oxide film in a first direction; and a first electrode and a second electrode, connected to both ends of the graphene oxide film in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, wherein a first monoclonal antibody with a fluorescent label is included in the first pad, and a second monoclonal antibody is included in the graphene oxide film, and wherein the fluorescent label includes a C═C—C═C conjugated double bond.

In an electrochemical lateral flow immunological test method, flow of a sample solution is controlled. As a result, the reaction time is short and quantitative measurements and electrical measurements can be performed with excellent sensitivity and high accuracy, and the invention provides a sensor employed in the method. Electrode portions, electrically conductive portions for transferring electric current from the electrode portions, and connecting portions connected to an electrical measuring instrument for measuring the electric current values are arranged on a supporting body including a resin sheet, pads and the like disposed by partial lamination on the supporting body. A sample solution flows over the plurality of pads, and electrochemical detection is performed by controlling the flow at the position of the electrode portions. Furthermore, the flow is controlled by a flow rate control pad, a flow passage portion fiber pad, and flow rate control protruding portions.

The present invention provides an analysis kit including a membrane-type surface stress sensor that can obtain a strong electrical signal as compared with a membrane-type surface stress sensor having a binding substance capable of binding to a target immobilized thereon. A target analysis kit of the present invention includes: a first binding substance that binds to a target; and a membrane-type surface stress sensor, wherein the membrane-type surface stress sensor includes: a second binding substance; a membrane; and a sensor substrate, wherein the second binding substance is a substance that binds to a target and is immobilized to the membrane, the membrane is a membrane that deforms upon binding of the target to the second binding substance, the sensor substrate has a support region, the support region supports the membrane and has a piezoresistive element, and the piezoresistive element is an element for detecting deformation of the membrane.

The present invention provides an analysis kit including a membrane-type surface stress sensor that can obtain a strong electrical signal as compared with a membrane-type surface stress sensor having a binding substance capable of binding to a target immobilized thereon. A target analysis kit of the present invention includes: a first binding substance that binds to a target; and a membrane-type surface stress sensor, wherein the membrane-type surface stress sensor includes: a second binding substance; a membrane; and a sensor substrate, wherein the second binding substance is a substance that binds to a target and is immobilized to the membrane, the membrane is a membrane that deforms upon binding of the target to the second binding substance, the sensor substrate has a support region, the support region supports the membrane and has a piezoresistive element, and the piezoresistive element is an element for detecting deformation of the membrane.

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining covalently modified graphene. The invention also describes covalently modified graphene obtained by this method and use thereof as an anchoring surface for bioreceptors in biosensor devices. Lastly, the invention describes a biosensor device comprising covalently modified graphene obtainable according to the method of the invention.

The present invention relates to a method for obtaining covalently modified graphene. The invention also describes covalently modified graphene obtained by this method and use thereof as an anchoring surface for bioreceptors in biosensor devices. Lastly, the invention describes a biosensor device comprising covalently modified graphene obtainable according to the method of the invention.