Techniques for multi-dimensional signal analysis are described herein. The techniques may be used in one or more sequencing applications. For example, according to some aspects, there is provided a method comprising: determining information about a sample that emits emission light in response to excitation light based on at least one of pulse duration and interpulse duration and at least two of wavelength, intensity, and lifetime of the emission light, wherein the sample comprises a reagent configured to be coupled to a luminescent label, and wherein a shielding element is disposed between the reagent and the luminescent label.

Methods for achieving complete sequence coverage of monoclonal antibodies by trypsin digestion and dual-column LC-MS system are provided. The disclosed method improves upon current techniques for standard peptide mapping.

Methods for achieving complete sequence coverage of monoclonal antibodies by trypsin digestion and dual-column LC-MS system are provided. The disclosed method improves upon current techniques for standard peptide mapping.

The present invention relates to a method for analyzing a sample, the method comprising: (a) incubating a sample comprising an analyte with at least one enzyme to produce a digestion mixture comprising fragments of the analyte; (b) loading the digestion mixture onto a reversed-phase chromatography column; and (c) performing reversed-phase chromatography on the digestion mixture, wherein the at least one enzyme is hydrophobically modified to increase a retention time of the at least one enzyme such that the at least one enzyme elutes from the reversed-phase chromatography column later than the fragments of the analyte.

Methods of sequencing a protein using a novel digestion-on-emitter technology are provided.

A method and a device for protein sequence analysis, and the use of microdroplets for improving protein sequencing by accelerating enzymatic digestion, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a) forming a solution containing protein into microdroplets having a size small enough to result in acceleration of protein digestion; b) introducing the microdroplets into a mass spectrometer (MS) for real-time detection; c) obtaining analysis result of the protein from the mass spectrometer (MS); wherein the protein is fully digested in the microdroplets before entering the mass spectrometer (MS). The method and device can achieve simple and nearly complete protein digestion in a very short time and obtain high sequence coverage.

Provided herein are methods of processing a polypeptide or protein for analysis, e.g., peptide mapping analysis by mass spectrometry. In exemplary embodiments, the method comprises incubating a digested sample at a mildly acidic pH and/or in the presence of a chaotrope, wherein the digested sample is produced by digesting a polypeptide with a protease to produce a digested sample comprising at least two peptides. In exemplary embodiments, the method comprises digesting the polypeptide with a protease which cleaves C-terminal to tryptophan to produce a digested sample comprising at least two peptides. In exemplary embodiments, the method comprises digesting the polypeptide with trypsin at an enzyme:substrate (E:S) weight ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:15 to produce a digested sample comprising at least two peptides. In exemplary aspects, the digested sample comprises at least one or two peptides each comprising a tyrosine at the C-terminus.

Methods for achieving complete sequence coverage of monoclonal antibodies by trypsin digestion and dual-column LC-MS system are provided. The disclosed method improves upon current techniques for standard peptide mapping.

Methods for achieving complete sequence coverage of monoclonal antibodies by trypsin digestion and dual-column LC-MS system are provided. The disclosed method improves upon current techniques for standard peptide mapping.

Methods for achieving complete sequence coverage of monoclonal antibodies by trypsin digestion and dual-column LC-MS system are provided. The disclosed method improves upon current techniques for standard peptide mapping.