Compounds and methods for use in detecting pregabalin in a sample suspected of containing pregabalin are disclosed. Pregabalin derivatives are described for producing pregabalin conjugates. A pregabalin-immunogenic carrier conjugate may be used as an immunogen for the preparation of an anti-pregabalin antibody. A pregabalin-detectable label conjugate may be used in a signal producing system in pregabalin assays.

A surface modified electrode is provided. The surface modified electrode includes a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and a nanomaterial disposed on the glassy carbon electrode. The nanomaterial comprises carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and at least one of thallium oxide nanoparticles (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3.NPs), thallium oxide (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3) nanopowder, and thallium oxide carbon nanotube nanocomposites (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3.CNT NCs). A polymer matrix is configured to bind the glassy carbon electrode with the nanomaterial. A method of preparing the surface modified electrode is also disclosed. The surface modified electrode can be implemented in a biosensor for detecting a biological molecule, like choline.

A surface modified electrode is provided. The surface modified electrode includes a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and a nanomaterial disposed on the glassy carbon electrode. The nanomaterial comprises carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and at least one of thallium oxide nanoparticles (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3.Math.NPs), thallium oxide (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3) nanopowder, and thallium oxide carbon nanotube nanocomposites (Tl.sub.2O.sub.3.Math.CNT NCs). A polymer matrix is configured to bind the glassy carbon electrode with the nanomaterial. A method of preparing the surface modified electrode is also disclosed. The surface modified electrode can be implemented in a biosensor for detecting a biological molecule, like choline.

Based on the discovery that MBLAC1 is a specific, high-affinity target for Ceftriaxone (Cef), MBLAC1 may be used for identifying treatments for addiction to substances of abuse. Methods for identifying therapeutic agents for treatment of addiction to a substance of abuse include using an assay to determine if a test agent is capable of binding to MBLAC1 or disrupting binding between MBLAC1 protein and Cef, and identifying such a test agent as a candidate therapeutic agent for treatment of addiction to a substance of abuse. MBLAC knock-out (KO) animals, methods of use thereof, and kits are used for identifying a therapeutic agent that reduces the actions of at least one substance of abuse. Methods also include using cellular extracts from tissue or cultured cells taken from wild-type (WT) MBLAC1 and MBLAC1 KO animals for screening for novel, Cef-like molecules in vitro, and using cells from a MBLAC1 KO animal to test for Cef-like actions of a test molecule.

Described is the use of GFAP as a marker of drug-induced cellular toxicity and depression.

A method for determining in a sample, by mass spectrometry, the amount of one or more analytes selected from the group consisting of 12,13-DiHOME, 3-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), 3-hydroxyoctanoate, 3-methylglutarylcarnitine, 3-ureidopropionate, 7-alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7-Hoca), citrate, fucose, fumarate, gamma-tocopherol, glutamate, glutarate, glycerol, glycochenodeoxycholate, glycocholate, hypoxanthine, maleate, malonate, mannose, orotate, 2,3-pyrdinedicarboxylate, ribose, serine, taurine, taurochenodeoxycholate, taurocholate, palmitoleate, linolenate, xanthine, xylitol, and combinations thereof is described. The method comprises subjecting the sample to an ionization source under conditions suitable to produce one or more ions detectable by mass spectrometry from each of the one or more analytes; measuring, by mass spectrometry, the amount of the one or more ions from each of the one or more analytes; and using the measured amount to determine the amount of each of the one or more analytes in the sample.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an RNA aptamer that specifically binds histamine. The present invention is related to an nucleic acid aptamer that binds to histamine, comprising the base sequence (i) or (ii) below: (i) the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1; (ii) the base sequence comprising substitution(s), deletion(s), and/or addition(s) of 1 to 3 base(s) in the base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

Among the various aspects of the present disclosure is the provision of molecular sensors, microbial sensors, constructs, systems, and methods for selectively detecting aromatic compounds.

A hybridoma cell line of secreting cyproheptadine monoclonal antibodies with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 14699 belongs to the field of food safety immunological detection. BALB/c mice are immunized through one time immunization with complete freund's adjuvant, three times of booster immunization with incomplete freund's adjuvant and one time of rush immunization with cyproheptadine complete antigen without adjuvant; the spleen cells from BALB/C mice immunized with high potency and low value of IC50 are fused with murine myeloma cells; and then the hybridoma cell line is obtained through indirect competitive ELISA screening and three sub-clones. The monoclonal antibody secreted by this cell line has good specificity and detection sensitivity to cyproheptadine (value of IC50 is 0.37 ng/ml), being suitable for detection of cyproheptadine in food.

A method for the in situ derivatization of at least one biogenic amine, precursor, or metabolite thereof in an isolated aqueous sample includes the steps of: (i) contacting the sample with a propionic anhydride/acetonitrile solution in the presence of a phosphate buffer having a pH in the range of 7.0 to 9.0 and allowing the conversion of amine and/or hydroxyl moieties of the biogenic amine, precursor, or metabolite thereof to form a propionyl derivative of the biogenic amine; followed by (ii) adding to the reaction mixture obtained in step (i) a carbodiimide compound and an electrophilic amine-containing compound, and allowing the carbodiimide-mediated derivatization of carboxylic acid moieties of the biogenic amine, precursor, or metabolite thereof.