Method and system for detecting drug and/or drug metabolites in a liquid sample, such as a wastewater sample. According to one embodiment, the method involves providing a device that includes a graphene field effect transistor and a first aptamer coupled to the graphene field effect transistor in a first well, the first aptamer being selective for a first drug or drug metabolite. Next, a liquid sample is introduced to the first aptamer of the device. Next, a sweeping liquid gate voltage is applied to the device to obtain a resistance versus liquid gate voltage plot for the device. Next, the Dirac voltage shift, if any, in the liquid gate voltage plot for the device is used to determine the presence and/or quantity of the drug or drug metabolite. Additional aptamers selective for different drugs or drug metabolites of interest may also be included in other wells of the device.

In one configuration, a handheld compound tester to process and detect presence of a compound in a tablet is disclosed. The handheld compound tester may include a sampling chamber configured to receive a tablet and a lid couplable with the sampling chamber. The coupling of the lid with the sampling chamber may cause cutting of the tablet. A liquid may be added inside the sampling chamber to create a mixture with segments of the tablet. The mixture may be then received by a housing adjoining the sampling chamber. A test strip disposed within the housing, upon contacting the mixture, may be configured to indicate a presence of the compound in the mixture.

Compositions, methods, assays, and kits providing or incorporating derivatives of mitragynine, particularly as haptens and immunogens.

The present invention provides an apparatus for detecting the presence or absence of an analyte in liquid sample, including: a collection chamber, including an opening for collecting a liquid sample; a testing element for testing the analyte in liquid sample; and a cover for covering the opening of the collection chamber; wherein the apparatus further includes a prompting device for prompting if the cover is covered to a specified location, and the prompting device shall at least includes a first element and a second element, the first element is in contact with the second element, wherein one element vibrates to produce a sound. In some preferred ways, the second element produces friction with the first element, to cause one of the elements to generate vibrations. The apparatus in the present invention can allow the prompting sound to be clear and loud.

The present disclosure provides isolated antibodies that bind to acetaminophen-protein adducts that are useful in the detection and diagnosis of acetaminophen-induced toxicity.

Compositions and methods are provided to determine occupancy level of opioid receptors in a subject. The disclosed methods may be performed non-invasively in the inner ear of the subject, and may be performed at a point-of-care location to provide guidance to a practitioner on tapering on pharmacotherapy or on a patient's risk of relapse for substance abuse.

The present invention discloses a method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer, comprising the following steps: (1) selecting a spotting plate; (2) loading a sample: depositing the sample and 3-nitrobenzonitrile solution in acetonitrile on the spotting plate to form a crystalline mixture; (3) carrying out analysis and detection: setting the parameters of the miniature mass spectrometer, placing the crystalline mixture on the spotting plate in close proximity to the inlet of the miniature mass spectrometer, and facilitating the ionization of the crystalline mixture for the analysis and detection of fentanyl analogs. The method for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs using a miniature mass spectrometer provided by the present invention requires no extraction solvent, no voltage, no laser, no gas, and the method is simple, rapid, and suitable for rapid on-site detection of fentanyl analogs.

A portable detection kit for identifying the presence of narcotic compounds (NCs) includes at least one chemical dye, a catalytic reagent, at least one solvent, and a least one surfactant. The at least one dry chemical dye is configured to undergo physic-chemical interaction with at least one predetermined NC to produce a color visible change. The at least one predetermined NC is selected from the group consisting of fentanyl analogues (FAs) and narcotics containing nitrogen heterocyclic moiety.

The subject invention provides materials and methods for single-step detection of target molecules in a sample. The methods and assays of the subject invention employ a dye-displacement strategy, in which aptamers complexed with a cyanine dye for sensitive and rapid detection of targets of interest. In the presence of a target, aptamer-target binding liberates the non-covalently bound aptamer-binding dye, resulting in optical changes that can be observed spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. The methods and assays of the subject invention enable the colorimetric detection of targets of interest regardless of their structure, sequence, target-binding affinity, and physicochemical properties of their targets.

The present disclosure is directed to isolated recombinant antibodies, or antigen-binding fragments thereof, that bind to fentanyl or fentanyl analogs. The novel antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof can be used to detect, diagnose, treat, and/or prevent opioid use disorder.