A position sensor including: a power supply terminal to which a power supply voltage is applied; a ground terminal to which a ground voltage is applied; an output terminal that outputs a signal; a detection portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and detects a position of a detection target by a magnetic resistance element whose resistance value changes according to a movement of the detection target; and a signal processing portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and processes a signal input from the detection portion.

A position sensor including: a power supply terminal to which a power supply voltage is applied; a ground terminal to which a ground voltage is applied; an output terminal that outputs a signal; a detection portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and detects a position of a detection target by a magnetic resistance element whose resistance value changes according to a movement of the detection target; and a signal processing portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and processes a signal input from the detection portion.

A speed sensor for detecting a speed of a magnetizable object. The speed sensor (100) can be supplied with an electric alternating signal with a first frequency by an electric signal source. The speed sensor including: a primary coil for generating a magnetic alternating field with the first frequency; first and second secondary coils. The first and second secondary coils can each be magnetically coupled to the primary coil via a magnetizable object. First and second electric signals induced in the first and second secondary coils respectively by the generated magnetic alternating field; a Goertzel filter bank detects first and second amplitude values of respective spectral components of the induced first and second electric signals in the event of a second frequency which differs from the first frequency. A processor determines the speed of the magnetizable object depending on the detected first amplitude value and the detected second amplitude value.

A speed sensor for detecting a speed of a magnetizable object. The speed sensor (100) can be supplied with an electric alternating signal with a first frequency by an electric signal source. The speed sensor including: a primary coil for generating a magnetic alternating field with the first frequency; first and second secondary coils. The first and second secondary coils can each be magnetically coupled to the primary coil via a magnetizable object. First and second electric signals induced in the first and second secondary coils respectively by the generated magnetic alternating field; a Goertzel filter bank detects first and second amplitude values of respective spectral components of the induced first and second electric signals in the event of a second frequency which differs from the first frequency. A processor determines the speed of the magnetizable object depending on the detected first amplitude value and the detected second amplitude value.

A structure includes a substrate which includes a surface. The structure also includes a horizontal-type Hall sensor positioned within the substrate and below the surface of the substrate. The structure further includes a protective overcoat layer positioned above the surface of the substrate, and a sphere-shaped magnetic concentrator positioned above the protective overcoat layer. Instead of or in addition to the sphere-shaped magnetic concentrator, the structure may include an embedded magnetic concentrator positioned within the substrate and below the horizontal-type Hall sensor.

A method of recognizing obstacles on operation of a vibratory pile driver of a work machine includes monitoring an acceleration signal of the vibratory pile driver during operation of the vibratory pile operator and analyzing the acceleration signal to determine the presence of an obstacle. The acceleration signal may be monitored over a time period which is determined based on an excitation frequency of the vibratory pile driver. The analysis may include comparing negative and positive half-waves of the acceleration signal. Responsive to the analysis indicating an obstacle, a system operator may be alerted, and/or operation of the vibratory pile driver may be adjusted via controller intervention.

A method of recognizing obstacles on operation of a vibratory pile driver of a work machine includes monitoring an acceleration signal of the vibratory pile driver during operation of the vibratory pile operator and analyzing the acceleration signal to determine the presence of an obstacle. The acceleration signal may be monitored over a time period which is determined based on an excitation frequency of the vibratory pile driver. The analysis may include comparing negative and positive half-waves of the acceleration signal. Responsive to the analysis indicating an obstacle, a system operator may be alerted, and/or operation of the vibratory pile driver may be adjusted via controller intervention.

A multi-function sensor system comprises a dual-axis electromagnetic speed sensor and a depth transducer to enable various underwater or marine measurements to be achieved in a single unit thus reducing the space required on a vessel and the cost of having such multiple functions.

A multi-function sensor system comprises a dual-axis electromagnetic speed sensor and a depth transducer to enable various underwater or marine measurements to be achieved in a single unit thus reducing the space required on a vessel and the cost of having such multiple functions.

A position sensor including: a power supply terminal to which a power supply voltage is applied; a ground terminal to which a ground voltage is applied; an output terminal that outputs a signal; a detection portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and detects a position of a detection target by a magnetic resistance element whose resistance value changes according to a movement of the detection target; and a signal processing portion that operates based on the power supply voltage and the ground voltage, and processes a signal input from the detection portion.