The present disclosure relates to an interface comprising: a terminal for delivering a DC voltage; a comparator for delivering a first signal representative of a comparison of the DC voltage with a high threshold; a comparator for delivering a second signal representative of a comparison of the DC voltage with a low threshold; and a circuit configured to: deliver successive pairs of values of high and low thresholds for a time period after the DC voltage crosses a first value of the low threshold; modify successive pairs of values of the thresholds based on the first and second signals to determine values of thresholds surrounding the DC voltage; and determining a current value of the DC voltage based on the values of thresholds surrounding the DC voltage.

A resonance voltage attenuation detection circuit detects attenuation of a resonance voltage of a winding of a transformer. The resonance voltage attenuation detection circuit includes a first voltage comparator circuit and a time-out circuit. The first voltage comparator circuit compares a voltage of the winding with a predetermined first voltage. The time-out circuit performs clocking operation in accordance with an output of the first voltage comparator circuit. The time-out circuit outputs an attenuation detection signal when the time-out circuit has clocked a preset period which is shorter than a time required for a peak voltage of the winding to be attenuated from the first voltage to a predetermined second voltage lower than the first voltage.

A facility plan evaluation device includes a proposed plan receiving unit receiving input of a facility plan including capacities and locations of charging and discharging facilities to be newly arranged in a power system, a prediction unit predicting charge and discharge amounts of the charging and discharging facilities, and demands and power generation amounts of existing facilities, which are facilities already connected in the power system, a power flow calculating unit estimating voltage and current in the power system based on a prediction result of the prediction unit, a determination unit determining whether at least one of deviation of voltage from a proper range and overcurrent occurs based on an estimation result of the power flow calculating unit, and determining whether the facility plan needs to be modified based on a determination result, and a result presenting unit presenting a determination result of the determination unit.

A voltage detection circuit, a power supply system and a chip are provided. The voltage detection circuit includes: a first step-down sub-circuit, a second step-down sub-circuit and a first voltage-stabilizing sub-circuit; wherein the first step-down sub-circuit has one end connected to one end of the second step-down sub-circuit in series; the first step-down sub-circuit has another end connected to a first port of the voltage detection circuit; and the second step-down sub-circuit has another end connected to a second port of the voltage detection circuit; and wherein the first voltage-stabilizing sub-circuit has one end connected to a third port of the voltage detection circuit and has another end connected to the second port, where the first voltage-stabilizing sub-circuit is turned on when the third port has a voltage higher than the second port and stabilized when the third port has a voltage lower than the second port.

A low-cost, portable potentiostat capable of performing several different electrochemical experiments (e.g. cyclic voltammetry and anodic stripping voltammetry) was designed. The potentiostat runs on one or more batteries and has a battery life of over two weeks. Further, the potentiostat of the present invention is capable of self-calibrating and has a linear dynamic range spanning several orders of magnitude. It is also capable of saving data onto an onboard data storage card and is able to export the data to a computer for additional analysis. The potentiostat requires no peripheral hardware and is suitable for use by those with even minimal training in electrochemistry.

In a meter for performing a measurement of an electrical parameter, an output from a sensor is sampled to produce at least one sample, and an iterative method is performed comprising: producing further samples; holding in memory a stored array of samples comprising the at least one sample and each of the further samples from each iteration; determining a measure of statistical variability of a mean for the respective iteration from a measure of statistical variability and from the number of samples used to generate the measure of statistical variability; comparing the measure of statistical variability of the mean with a pre-determined threshold; and generating an electrical signal indicating a state of the measurement if the measure of statistical variability of the mean of the samples taken during the measurement is less than or equal to the pre-determined threshold.

An apparatus and method for diagnosing whether a charging and discharging switching element provided on a charging and discharging path of a battery pack operates normally. A charging and discharging switching unit having a charging and discharging switch and a fuse is installed on a charging and discharging path between a battery cell and a pack terminal. The apparatus includes a first diagnosing path a second diagnosing path, a third diagnosing path, an integrated diagnosing path having a diagnosis switching unit and a diagnosis resistor, a voltage measuring unit, and a control unit configured to turn on and off the diagnosis switching unit and determine whether the charging and discharging switching unit is operating abnormally based on the diagnosis voltage measured by the voltage measuring unit.

Disclosed is a test system including a transmitter, a receiver, a measuring circuit, and a control circuit. The transmitter is coupled to the receiver in a DC coupling manner, and includes: a signal input circuit determining an output signal according to an input signal; a current source coupled between the signal input circuit and a low power-supply terminal and configured to determine a total current passing through the signal input circuit in a non-open/short-circuited condition; and a signal output wire circuit outputting the output signal for a performance test. The receiver includes: an impedance circuit coupled to the signal output wire circuit; and a coupling circuit coupling the impedance circuit with a high power-supply terminal. The measuring circuit measures a target current/voltage between the high power-supply terminal and low power-supply terminal to generate a measurement result. The control circuit determines whether the transmitter/receiver is open/short-circuited according to the measurement result.

A transformer fault detection, where the transformer includes a primary winding coupled to a medium voltage power line and a secondary winding providing a stepped down voltage of the medium voltage. The detection system includes a switching device, where the switching device includes a first voltage measuring device for measuring the voltage on the primary winding, a controller for processing measured voltages and a transceiver for receiving and transmitting messages. The detection system also includes a second voltage measuring device for measuring the stepped down voltage on the secondary winding, where the second voltage measuring device includes a transmitter for transmitting the measured step down voltage to the switching device. The controller uses the measured voltages to calculate a transformer turns ratio (TTR) of the transformer to determine whether a transformer fault.

An output voltage protection controller includes a comparator circuit and a voltage adjustment circuit. The comparator circuit compares a first voltage signal with a second voltage signal to generate a control signal that controls output voltage protection of a voltage regulator, wherein one of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is a feedback voltage derived from an output voltage of the voltage regulator, and another of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is a voltage detection threshold. The voltage adjustment circuit injects an offset voltage to the second voltage signal for dynamically adjusting the second voltage signal during a period in which a target regulated voltage level of the output voltage is a constant.