Methods and systems are provided for detecting artifacts in an electronic signal. In an embodiment, a method is provided comprising: connecting a first input of an electronic device to a first signal line of a signal processing device, such as an amplification device; connecting a second input of the electronic device to a second signal line of the signal processing device, the second signal line being downstream from the first signal line; establishing, based on an observed behavior of a first signal on the first signal line, an expected behavior of a second signal on the second signal line; and determining whether a difference exists between the expected behavior of the second signal and an observed behavior of the second signal. If a difference is detected, the expected behavior of a second signal and the observed behavior of the second signal may be recorded for later analysis.

A system includes a signal generator, configured to pass a generated signal, which has two different generated frequencies, through a circuit including an intrabody electrode. The system further includes a processor, configured to identify, while the generated signal is passed through the circuit, a derived frequency, which is derived from the generated frequencies, on the circuit, and to generate, in response to identifying the derived frequency, an output indicating a flaw in the electrode. Other embodiments are also described.

A power quality analysis system is configured to carry out a power quality analysis in an electrical environment. The system comprises one or more power consuming units each electrically connected to a main power supply by a multiconductor (multicore) cable and one or more power quality sensors configured to provide one or more power quality analysis measurements. The one or more power quality sensors are clamp-on power quality sensors configured to provide one or more power quality analysis measurements when the clamp-on power quality sensors are clamped onto the outside of or arranged in the proximity of the multiconductor cable. The clamp-on power quality sensors are configured to provide the one or more power quality analysis measurements without being electrically connected to any of the conductors of the multiconductor cable.

A method of providing signal level performance information with respect to an electronic component is described. The electronic component includes a signal input. An input signal is received at the signal input or immediately upstream of the signal input. At least one power level parameter is determined, wherein the power level parameter is indicative of a power level of the input signal received. A performance indicator is provided, which includes information on a performance of the electronic component in dependence of the at least one power level parameter. A signal level performance information is determined with respect to the electronic component based on the at least one determined power level parameter and based on the performance indicator. Further, a monitoring system is described.

An object is to provide a method and a system of adjusting a power amplifier which makes it possible to adjust a linearizer using signals of two carriers by the same power, to reduce the influence of the non-linearity on a multicarrier signal compared with the conventional. A method of adjusting a power amplifier, the power amplifier including a linearizer to reduce an intermodulation caused by non-linearity of the power amplifier, includes: inputting two signals generated by a signal generator into the power amplifier; measuring power of each order of first intermodulations of the two signals output from the power amplifier; calculating a power sum of second intermodulations by the plurality of signals using the measured power of each order of the first intermodulations; and adjusting the linearizer so that the power sum of the second intermodulations by the plurality of signals takes a minimum value or at most a predetermined value.

An improved analysis and determination of a relationship between a tone frequency and spurious frequencies is provided. A device under test is operated to generate signals based on multiple different tone frequencies. For each tone frequency a spectrum of the generated signal is measured and spurious frequencies in the generated signal are identified. Based on the measured spectrums a representation of the spurious frequencies versus the related tone frequencies is generated. Trajectories may be inserted into the representation for indicating relationships between the tone frequencies and the spurious frequencies. This representation provides a useful basis for a fast and reliable identification of relationships between spurious frequencies and tone frequencies.

An improved analysis and determination of a relationship between a tone frequency and spurious frequencies is provided. A device under test is operated to generate signals based on multiple different tone frequencies. For each tone frequency a spectrum of the generated signal is measured and spurious frequencies in the generated signal are identified. Based on the measured spectrums a representation of the spurious frequencies versus the related tone frequencies is generated. Trajectories may be inserted into the representation for indicating relationships between the tone frequencies and the spurious frequencies. This representation provides a useful basis for a fast and reliable identification of relationships between spurious frequencies and tone frequencies.

The method allows the measurement of the audio signal-to-noise ratio, without having to interrupt the transmission to make the measurements. The method comprises: taking the audio signal processed by the system in a frequency hand (ΔF) for a predefined 5 measurement time period (T1); Fast Fourier Transform the sampled audio signal to obtain a signal power spectrum for the entire frequency band (ΔF); for each frequency (F), detect and store the maximum (PMax) and minimum (PMin) power values relating to each frequency considered with operations of “MaxHold” and “MinHold”, to obtain 10 corresponding sequences, respectively of maximum power (CMax) and minimum power (Cmin) of the audio signal; for each frequency (F), obtain the signal/audio noise ratio (S/N) of the signal as a function of the corresponding values of said sequences (CMax) and (CMin). 15

The method allows the measurement of the audio signal-to-noise ratio, without having to interrupt the transmission to make the measurements. The method comprises: taking the audio signal processed by the system in a frequency hand (ΔF) for a predefined 5 measurement time period (T1); Fast Fourier Transform the sampled audio signal to obtain a signal power spectrum for the entire frequency band (ΔF); for each frequency (F), detect and store the maximum (PMax) and minimum (PMin) power values relating to each frequency considered with operations of “MaxHold” and “MinHold”, to obtain 10 corresponding sequences, respectively of maximum power (CMax) and minimum power (Cmin) of the audio signal; for each frequency (F), obtain the signal/audio noise ratio (S/N) of the signal as a function of the corresponding values of said sequences (CMax) and (CMin). 15

A method and a measurement system for determining the noise power of a device under test especially the exact noise power is provided. The measurement method comprises determining a sideband gain of a measurement system using a calibration unit, connecting a device under test to the measurement system, measuring a noise power of the device under test with a receiver and correcting the measured noise power with the determined system gain including a sideband gain.