A ground fault detection device includes: a detection capacitor; a switch group for switching between a first charging path connecting the battery and the detection capacitor, a second charging path connecting the battery, a negative side insulation resistance and the detection capacitor, a third charging path connecting the battery, a positive side insulation resistance and the detection capacitor, and a measurement path for measuring a charging voltage of the detection capacitor; and a controller configured to calculate the insulation resistance based on a charging voltage measured value of the detection capacitor which exists after charging each of the charging paths, wherein after measurement of the charging voltage of the second charging path, the controller is configured to cause the switch group to switch to the third charging path before switching to the first charging path.

A method of calculating a dielectric constant and a dielectric loss of a polymer material including the following steps is provided: providing a polymer having an optimized molecular geometry; analyzing a dipole moment autocorrelation function of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry; fitting the dipole moment autocorrelation function of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry via a relaxation function to obtain a corresponding fitting function; calculating a static permittivity of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry; and obtaining a complex permittivity spectrum via the fitting function and the static permittivity, so as to calculate a corresponding dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry.

A method of calculating a dielectric constant and a dielectric loss of a polymer material including the following steps is provided: providing a polymer having an optimized molecular geometry; analyzing a dipole moment autocorrelation function of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry; fitting the dipole moment autocorrelation function of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry via a relaxation function to obtain a corresponding fitting function; calculating a static permittivity of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry; and obtaining a complex permittivity spectrum via the fitting function and the static permittivity, so as to calculate a corresponding dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the polymer having the optimized molecular geometry.

A permittivity measuring method includes measuring a set of phases at sampling frequencies of at least three points in each of a first-half portion and a second-half portion of a phase characteristic of electromagnetic waves that passed through a measurement target, if the mode of the phase changes of both sets of phases belongs to a phase group in which change of the at least three points in the first half and change of at least three points in the second half are both monotonic change, maximal values, or minimal values, calculating the permittivity using the phase slope of the phases in the first-half portion and the phases in the second-half portion, and if the mode of the phase changes does not belong to the phase group, calculating the permittivity by fitting the phases of either the first half or the second half to a quadratic function.

An input capacitance measurement circuit includes a transformer, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a third capacitor. A primary wire of the transformer has a first end provided so as to be connectable to an anode of the semiconductor device. The primary wire of the transformer has a second end connected to a first end of the first capacitor. A secondary wire of the transformer has a first end provided so as to be connectable to a cathode of the semiconductor device. The secondary wire of the transformer has a second end connected to a first end of the second capacitor. The third capacitor has a first end provided so as to be connectable to the cathode of the semiconductor device. A second end of the first capacitor, a second end of the second capacitor, and a second end of the third capacitor are electrically connected to each other.

A processing system includes a level shifter, a drive circuit, and a capacitive sensing circuit. The level shifter is configured to generate a first level-shifted output corresponding to a graylevel value and a second level-shifted output corresponding to capacitive sensing control data. The drive circuit is configured to generate an output voltage based at least in part on the first level-shifted output. The capacitive sensing circuit is configured to receive a resulting signal from a sensor electrode and generate, based at least in part on the second level-shifted output, a capacitive sensing output corresponding to the resulting signal.

The present disclosure provides for an electronic sensor for detecting a root of a plant in soil, the electronic sensor that includes a first conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil, a switch, a power supply, and a signal extractor. The switch is electrically coupled to the first conductor plate and is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode. The power supply is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to provide an electrical charge to the first conductor plate in the first mode of the switch. The signal extractor is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to extract a signal response at the first conductor plate in the second mode of the switch. The present disclosure further provides a second conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first conductor plate. The second conductor plate is electrically coupled to ground.

The present disclosure provides for an electronic sensor for detecting a root of a plant in soil, the electronic sensor that includes a first conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil, a switch, a power supply, and a signal extractor. The switch is electrically coupled to the first conductor plate and is configured to switch between a first mode and a second mode. The power supply is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to provide an electrical charge to the first conductor plate in the first mode of the switch. The signal extractor is electrically coupled to the switch and is configured to extract a signal response at the first conductor plate in the second mode of the switch. The present disclosure further provides a second conductor plate configured to be disposed in soil adjacent to and substantially parallel to the first conductor plate. The second conductor plate is electrically coupled to ground.

An information handling system includes an intrusion detection circuit having two inductors and an amplifier circuit. The amplifier circuit is configured to identify an increase in inductive coupling between the inductors in response to a change in position of a cover.

Apparatuses and methods of distinguishing between a finger and stylus proximate to a touch surface are described. One apparatus includes a first circuit to obtain capacitance measurements of sense elements when a conductive object is proximate to a touch surface. The apparatus also includes a second circuit coupled to the first circuit. The second circuit is operable to detect whether the conductive object activates the first sense element, second sense element, or both, in view of the capacitance measurements. To distinguish between a stylus and a finger as the conductive object, the second circuit determines the conductive object as being the stylus when the second sense element is activated and the first sense element is not activated and determines the conductive object as being the finger when the first sense element and the second sense element are activated.