A method and system for identification of an item is provided, wherein the system comprises includes a conveyor belt, a conveyor belt controller and a reader operable to receive at least one reading from at least one tag attached to the item and extract from the reading a measurement of the phase of the signal transmitted by the tag and received at at least one antenna of the reader, the antenna being adapted to be arranged at a read point along the conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt controller is configured to start the conveyor belt at a first time instant, after the item has been placed on the conveyor belt, and to stop the conveyor belt at a second time instant, when the item has passed the antenna of the reader.

This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for detecting a presence of long training fields (LTFs) in packet extensions of high-efficiency (HE) packets. An apparatus requests a length of packet extensions to be used for a ranging operation. The apparatus receives an HE packet including a packet extension containing a selected number of LTFs based at least in part on the requested packet extension length. The apparatus performs the ranging operation based on a determination that the packet extension contains LTFs. In some aspects, the apparatus detects a presence of LTFs in the packet extension based on a bit provided in the HE packet. In some other aspects, the apparatus detects a presence of LTFs in the packet extension by extracting sequences from the packet extension.

A target distance estimation device includes: a multipath composite wave signal generation unit that generates a multipath composite wave signal that is a simulation signal of a composite wave of a direct wave and a multipath wave received by a reception antenna in a case where a provisional target distance, which is a provisional target distance from a radio source to a radio wave detection device, is set; and a target distance estimation unit that estimates a target distance from the radio wave detection device to the radio source on the basis of a correlation between the reception signals and the multipath composite wave signal generated by the multipath composite wave signal generation unit.

In one implementation, first and second messages are received that include encoded position information for a transmitter. It is determined that both were received within some time of a previous message and that the second message was received within some time of the first message. A first location of the transmitter is determined based on the encoded position in the first message and the previously determined location. A second location of the transmitter is determined based on the encoded position in the second message and the previously determined location. It also is determined that the first and second locations are within a threshold distance. An updated second location of the transmitter is determined based on the encoded position information in the second message and the first location. A determination is made that the second location and the updated second location are within a threshold distance.

A system and method for locating radio-frequency identification tags within a predetermined area. The method can incorporate sub-threshold superposition response mapping techniques, alone, or in combination with other methods for locating radio-frequency identification tags such as but not limited to time differential on arrival (TDOA), frequency domain phase difference on arrival (FD-PDOA), and radio signal strength indication (RSSI). The system can include a plurality of antennas dispersed in a predefined area; one or more radio-frequency identification tags; a radio-frequency transceiver in communication with said antennas; a phase modulator coupled to the radio-frequency transceiver; and a system controller in communication with said transceiver and said phase modulator. Calibration techniques can be employed to map constructive interference zones for improved accuracy.

A system and method for locating radio-frequency identification tags within a predetermined area. The method can incorporate sub-threshold superposition response mapping techniques, alone, or in combination with other methods for locating radio-frequency identification tags such as but not limited to time differential on arrival (TDOA), frequency domain phase difference on arrival (FD-PDOA), and radio signal strength indication (RSSI). The system can include a plurality of antennas dispersed in a predefined area; one or more radio-frequency identification tags; a radio-frequency transceiver in communication with said antennas; a phase modulator coupled to the radio-frequency transceiver; and a system controller in communication with said transceiver and said phase modulator. Calibration techniques can be employed to map constructive interference zones for improved accuracy.

A system and method for frequency offset determination in a MANET via Doppler nulling techniques is disclosed. In embodiments, a receiving (Rx) node of the network monitors a transmitting (Tx) node of the network, which scans through a range or set of Doppler nulling angles adjusting its transmitting frequency to resolve Doppler frequency offset at each angle, the Doppler frequency shift resulting from the motion of the Tx node relative to the Rx node. The Rx node detects the net frequency shift at each nulling direction and can thereby determine frequency shift points (FSP) indicative of the relative velocity vector between the Tx and Rx nodes. If the set of Doppler nulling angles is known to it, the Rx node can determine frequency shift profiles based on the FSPs, and derive therefrom the relative velocity and angular direction of motion between the Tx and Rx nodes.

Disclosed are techniques for receiving reference radio frequency (RF) signals for positioning estimation. In an aspect, a user equipment (UE) receives, from a network node, multiple resource sets for tracking (TRSs). Each TRS comprises a plurality of reference signal resources. The multiple TRSs are signals from a same antenna port or are quasi-co-located signals. The UE processes the multiple TRSs to determine positioning-related quantity(ies). The UE can estimate its position based on the positioning-related quantity(ies) and/or send the positioning-related quantity(ies) to the network.

An ordnance munition is included in an intelligent ordnance projectile delivery system and equipped with targeting and guidance systems that allow the ordnance munition to collaborate with other devices to intelligently select targets and/or to guide the ordnance munition to its selected target. The ordnance munition may be configured to generate first location information based on its determined approximate location, send the generated first location information to a wireless transceiver in proximity to the first ordnance munition, and receive location information from the wireless transceiver in response. The ordnance munition may determine its more precise location based on the received location information, and generating second location information based on the more precise location. The ordnance munition may change or adjust its flight path or trajectory based on the generated second location information.

A user equipment (UE) in a vehicle (V-UE) broadcasts multi-phased ranging signals with which other entities may determine the range to the V-UE. The multi-phased ranging signals may include a first message, which may be broadcast in the Intelligent Transport System (ITS) spectrum, includes ranging information, such as a source identifier, location information for the broadcasting V-UE, and an expected time of broadcast of the ranging signal. The ranging signal may then be broadcast at the expected time and may include the source identifier. A second message, which be broadcast in the ITS spectrum, may include clock error information for the V-UE. A receiving entity may determine the range to the V-UE based on the time of arrival of the ranging signal and the expected time of transmission, as well as the clock error information. The receiving entity may further generate a position estimate based on the received location information.