An electronic device, including a first circuit board, a sensing element, a second circuit board, an electronic element, a light emitting element, and a lens, is provided. The first circuit board has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other and a first side surface located therebetween. The sensing element is disposed on the first surface and electrically connected to the first circuit board. The second circuit board is located on the second surface and electrically connected to the first circuit board. The second circuit board has a third surface facing the first circuit board and a groove recessed in the third surface. The electronic element is disposed on the second surface and located in the groove. The light emitting element is disposed on the first side surface. The lens is disposed on the sensing element. An electronic system, including the electronic device, is also provided.

An image capturing assembly is provided and includes an image sensing device, a first circuit board, a second circuit board and a lens assembly. The image sensing device includes an electrical connecting component. The first circuit board includes a first contact. The image sensing device is mounted on the first circuit board, and the electrical connecting component is electrically connected to the first contact. The second circuit board includes a second contact. The second circuit board is affixed with the first circuit board and perpendicular to the first circuit board, and the second contact is electrically connected to the first contact, so that the second contact is electrically connected to the electrical connecting component by the first contact. The lens assembly is assembled with the image sensing device. Furthermore, a related endoscope is provided.

Endoscopes of this disclosure, such as colonoscopes, provide a broader field of view and allow extended access of surgical tools, and also enable efficient packing of all necessary elements in the tip section, while maintaining their functionality. Methods and systems of this disclosure include for capturing and displaying still and video images using an endoscope corresponding to a left-side looking viewing element, a front-looking viewing element, and a right-side looking viewing element of an endoscopic tip generated in a native aspect ratio.

A biological observation system includes: a light source apparatus configured to supply a first illuminating light, and a second illuminating light, while switching between the first illuminating light and the second illuminating light; an image pickup device configured to receive light from an object at each of a plurality of pixels having different sensitivities, and picks up an image; a color separation processing portion configured to separate, from respective color components, a color component obtained when an image of light of a predetermined wavelength band is picked up by a pixel having the greatest sensitivity to the light in the predetermined wavelength band; and a control portion configured to cause different processing to be performed between a case where an inputted image pickup signal corresponds to the first illuminating light and a case where an inputted image pickup signal corresponds to the second illuminating light.

Provided is an endoscope that can connect proximal ends of the first signal lines and a signal relay part together without securing an extra length for the first signal lines. An airtight casing is disposed inside an outer tube of an insertion part, an imaging device and first signal lines are accommodated inside the airtight casing, a distal end of the airtight casing is airtightly sealed by a cover glass, and a proximal end of the airtight casing is airtightly sealed by a partition wall part. The airtight casing is constituted of a first tubular body and a second tubular body, and the second tubular body is disposed in a nested shape with respect to the first tubular body. During the connection between the proximal ends of the first signal lines and the terminal part, the second tubular body is advanced toward the first tubular body.

An apparatus for video endoscopy, in particular for industrial video endoscopy, has a device part which has a housing and an electronics component arrangement which is arranged in the housing. The electronics component arrangement is arranged within a sealed-off region in the housing. A heat sink is arranged in the housing, the said heat sink being thermally coupled to the electronics component arrangement in order to absorb heat from the electronics component arrangement. A fan for generating an air flow of ambient air is arranged in the housing, the said air flow flowing out of the housing along the heat sink in order to discharge the heat from the heat sink, wherein the air flow does not come into contact with the electronics component arrangement.

An endoscope power supply system includes an endoscope including an imaging unit that images an object, a housing apparatus to which the endoscope is detachably connected, a plurality of power source units that are provided in the housing apparatus and configured to output electric power different from one another, switches each provided in an output stage of each of the power source units of the housing apparatus and formed of two FETs that are back-to-back connected, and a controller that is provided in the housing apparatus, selects a power source unit necessary to operate the endoscope from the power source units, and controls the switches to output electric power generated by the selected power source unit to the endoscope

An endoscope includes at least one lens having a circular exterior shape in a direction perpendicular to an optical axis, an image sensor that has a square exterior shape in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and has one side whose length is same as length of a diameter of the lens, a sensor cover that has a square exterior shape in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and has one side whose length is same as one side length of the image sensor, a bonding resin portion that fixes the sensor cover to the lens, the optical axis of the lens coinciding with a center of the imaging area.

A medical tool includes: a tool main unit configured to be driven in response to a power supply; a first power supply configured to be removable from the tool main unit; and a second power supply having a smaller power capacity than the first power supply, and configured to be charged by the first power supply. The tool main unit is configured to be driven by receiving power supply from one of the first power supply and the second power supply.

A computer-implemented method of transmitting through a disordered medium from a transmitter to a receiver an image represented as input coherent electromagnetic radiation, the disordered medium having a transmission matrix comprising a plurality of complex-valued transmission constants that relate said input coherent electromagnetic radiation to output electromagnetic radiation at said receiver, which method comprises the steps of: performing a characterising process on said disordered medium to determine said transmission matrix; using said transmitter to transmit said image through said disordered medium; performing a reconstruction process using said transmission matrix to generate a reconstructed image from the output electromagnetic radiation at said receiver; wherein in said characterisation process the step of determining said transmission matrix comprises: determining said complex-valued transmission constants as real-valued transmission constants by using an approximately linear relationship between said input electromagnetic radiation and said output electromagnetic radiation; and using said real-valued transmission constants to generate and store a version of the transmission matrix; and said reconstruction process comprises the steps of: generating an output signal comprising intensity or amplitude values of said output electromagnetic radiation; generating said reconstructed image by combining said output signal and said version of the transmission matrix in a way that effects a matrix multiplication of an inverse of said transmission matrix and said output signal; and outputting said reconstructed image from said receiver.