To provide a display device including a flexible panel that can be handled without seriously damaging a driver circuit or a connecting portion between circuits. The display device includes a bent portion obtained by bending an element substrate. A circuit for driving the display device is provided in the bent portion and a wiring extends from the circuit, whereby the strength of a portion including the circuit for driving the display device is increased and failure of the circuit is reduced. Furthermore, the element substrate is bent in a connecting portion between an external terminal electrode and an external connecting wiring (FPC) so that the element substrate provided with the external terminal electrode fits the external connecting wiring, whereby the strength of the connecting portion is increased.

An electro-optic display having a viewing surface through which a user views the display, a bistable, electrophoretic medium, and at least one electrode arranged to apply an electric field to the electrophoretic medium, the display further comprising at least 10 micromoles per square meter of the viewing surface of at least one compound having an oxidation potential more negative that about 150 mV with respect to a standard hydrogen electrode, as measured at pH 8, where the compound is a sulfite salt or a salt of titanium (III), vanadium (II), iron (II), cobalt (II) or copper (I), a hydroquinone, a catechol, a dihydropyridine or a metallocene.

As for a method for manufacturing a light valve and a light valve manufactured thereby of the present invention, the light valve is composed of a film 1 in which a light-polarizing suspension 3, containing: 5 to 20 wt % of light polarization variable particles 4 showing light polarization characteristics and having a size of 0.2 to 0.5 μm; 2 to 10 wt % of a dispersion aid; and 80 to 93 wt % of a suspension agent which is a plasticizer, is dispersed in the form of fine droplets 5 in a polymer resin 2 having excellent adhesive strength to a substrate 9, wherein the ratio of the droplets 5 and the polymer resin 2 is 0.5 to 1:1, the polymer resin 2 is polyvinyl butyral, and regarding the suspension agent constituting the light-polarizing suspension 3, at least one plasticizer among trioctyl trimellitate- or trioctyldecyl trimellitate-based plasticizers is used as the suspension agent.

To provide a display device including a flexible panel that can be handled without seriously damaging a driver circuit or a connecting portion between circuits. The display device includes a bent portion obtained by bending an element substrate. A circuit for driving the display device is provided in the bent portion and a wiring extends from the circuit, whereby the strength of a portion including the circuit for driving the display device is increased and failure of the circuit is reduced. Furthermore, the element substrate is bent in a connecting portion between an external terminal electrode and an external connecting wiring (FPC) so that the element substrate provided with the external terminal electrode fits the external connecting wiring, whereby the strength of the connecting portion is increased.

Gravitational Janus microparticle having, a center-of-mass, a center-of-volume, and a non-uniform density, wherein: the center-of-mass and the center-of-volume are distinct. When suspended in a fluid, the microparticle substantially aligns with either: i) the gravitational field; or ii) the direction of an acceleration, such that the Janus microparticle is in substantial rotation equilibrium. After perturbation from substantial rotational equilibrium, the Janus microparticle reversibly rotates to return to substantial rotational equilibrium. The gravitational Janus microparticle may comprise at least two portions, each having distinct physical and/or chemical characteristics, wherein at least one portion provides a detectable effect following rotation and alignment of the microparticle.

A security device that exhibits at least one dynamic response upon change of orientation of the security device with respect to gravity, wherein the security device includes a hollow capsule completely filled with a liquid and one or more microscopic elements. In addition, the dynamic response continues after cessation of the change of orientation with respect to gravity. The dynamic response includes a transition of the one or more microscopic elements from substantial mechanical equilibrium to non-equilibrium upon action of the change of orientation with respect to gravity and back to substantial mechanical equilibrium after cessation of the change of orientation with respect to gravity. During the dynamic response, the one or more microscopic elements undergo at least one of a rotational motion and a translational motion relative to the liquid.

The disclosure generally relates to image displays. Specifically, the application relates to an overlay that, among others, enhances the brightness in image displays with color filters. Much of the incoming light to a reflective image display having a color filter layer is absorbed by the color filter layer and is therefore lost. An overlay embodiment is disclosed herein that disperses and concentrates portions of the incoming light onto specific portions of the display. The amount of light absorbed by the color filter layer may be drastically reduced and instead transmitted through the color filter where the light may be reflected or absorbed by a light modulating layer. The disclosed embodiments increase the efficiency and reflectance of the display.

The present invention provides a display panel and a display device which can increase light use efficiency with a simple configuration. An optical modulation layer 30 provided between substrates 10 and 20 contains a polar solvent 31a, a nonpolar solvent 31b, and hydrophilic shape-anisotropic members 32, the hydrophilic substrate 20 makes contact with the polar solvent 31a, the hydrophobic substrate 10 makes contact with the nonpolar solvent 31b, a projected area of the shape-anisotropic members 32 onto the substrates 10 and 20 is changed by adjusting a magnitude of a voltage to be applied to the optical modulation layer 30.

An electrically controlled spectacle includes a spectacle frame and optoelectronic lenses housed in the frame. The lenses include a left lens and a right lens, each of the optoelectrical lenses having a plurality of states, wherein the state of the left lens is independent of the state of the right lens. The electrically controlled spectacle also includes a control unit housed in the frame, the control unit being adapted to control the state of each of the lenses independently.

A reverse mode light valve, the manufacture of a light control device and a method of controlling light transmittance by using of the reverse mode light valve, the reverse mode light valve containing ABX.sub.3 perovskite particles (200) suspended in a liquid suspension (300) can control light transmittance in a higher light transmittance when the power is turned off (OFF state) and lower light transmittance when the power is turned on (ON state). In the ABX.sub.3 perovskite particles (200), A is at least one of Cs.sup.+, CH.sub.3NH.sub.3.sup.+, and Rb.sup.+, B is at least one of Pb.sup.2+, Ge.sup.2+, and Sn.sup.2+, and X is at least one of Cl.sup.−, Br.sup.−, and I.sup.−.