An optical element including a plate-shaped substrate with a light-entrance surface and a light-exit surface, a multiplicity of imaging elements formed on the light-exit surface and a multiplicity of diaphragms formed on the light-entrance surface. Each diaphragm includes a transparent geometric region in an opaque region. The optical element can be switched between two operating modes B1 and B2 such that some of the imaging elements change their focal length between values f1 and f2 and/or, some of the diaphragms change their aperture width and/or their position. Exactly one diaphragm is associated with each imaging element in mode B1 so that light passing through the diaphragm is imaged or collimated by the associated imaging element. Consequently, light arriving in the optical element through the diaphragms and then through the light-entrance surface has, after passing through the associated imaging elements in the two operating modes B1 and B2, different propagation angles.

A method and an apparatus for providing a matte affect while enhancing an output of a display that comprises multiple display pixels, the apparatus may include a first array of microlenses that is configured to scatter ambient light; a second array of microlenses; wherein first array of microlenses is parallel to the second array of microlenses; wherein microlenses of the first array of microlenses and the microlenses of the second array have a dimension of tens of microns; and wherein the first array of microlenses and the second array of microlenses are shaped and positioned to pass through the image from the display, when the apparatus is attached to the display.

A display device includes a display panel including a display surface having a Lambertian light emission distribution, and a viewing angle modulator disposed on the display panel. The viewing angle modulator includes a first refractive layer including a diffraction structure on a surface, a refractive index conversion layer disposed on the first refractive layer and including an electro-optical material having a refractive index that changes when a voltage is applied to the electro-optical material, and a second refractive layer disposed on the refractive index conversion layer. The refractive index conversion layer includes a base layer, and an optical structure disposed on the base layer that changes a path of light incident on a surface facing the second refractive layer.

Provided is a lamp for a vehicle capable of achieving uniform brightness while improving sharpness of a light irradiation pattern. The vehicle lamp includes a light source system; and an optical system configured to allow light emitted from the light source system to be incident to the optical system through a plurality of incident lenses and to exit through a plurality of exit lenses corresponding to the plurality of incident lenses. The plurality of exit lenses include a first exit lens configured to output light therefrom in a first direction, and a second exit lens configured to output light therefrom in a second direction that is tilted by a predetermined angle with respect to the first direction.

The misalignment between light reception lenses and light reception elements in a lens integrated light reception element for converting a plurality of optical signals with different wavelengths into electric signals is easily inspected. The lens integrated light reception element includes one or more light reception lenses that receive the optical signals, one or more light reception elements each disposed on a main axis of the light reception lens and converting the optical signal into the electric signal, one or more inspection pinholes through which illumination light passes, and one or more inspection lenses each including a main axis parallel to the main axis of the light reception lens and converging the illumination light having passed through the inspection pinhole.

Provided is an anti-counterfeit label with multi-focus multi-layer depth-of-field images. The anti-counterfeit label is sequentially provided with a multi-focus microlens array layer, a transparent base membrane layer and a microtext array layer from top to bottom in a laminating mode, and a metal reflective layer is arranged under the microtext array layer; the multi-focus microlens array layer comprises microlenses which are distributed in an array mode and have multiple focuses; the microtext array layer comprises one set or multiple sets of subunit pattern periodic ordered arrays. The anti-counterfeit label has the advantages that the microtext array layer can be amplified by 80-800 times by the multi-focus microlens array layer. The anti-counterfeit label is particularly suitable for popular anti-counterfeiting and can effectively improve the anti-counterfeit capacity.

An intraocular lens configured to provide an extended depth-of-field. The lens includes a virtual aperture, the virtual aperture that includes a plurality of hexagonal micro-structures. A first plurality of light rays incident on an anterior optical surface passes through an optical zone to form an image on a retina when the intraocular lens is implanted in an eye. A second plurality of light rays incident on an anterior virtual aperture surface are dispersed widely downstream from the intraocular lens towards and across the retina, such that the image comprises the extended depth-of-field.

An optical system has a virtual lens comprising an array of image sensors and processor in communication with the virtual lens and configured to focus the at least one virtual lens by way of mathematical image processing of a dynamic object plane.

The invention relates to a diffuser 3 intended to be facing a light source 1 comprising a transmission layer 10 and a diffusion layer 22, 23 intended to diffuse a light transmitted by the light source, the diffuser being characterised in that the diffusion layer comprises a plurality of metal structures 200, 200a, 200b, called metal nanostructures, having dimensions less than a wavelength of the light transmitted, said metal nanostructures having varied sizes and being distributed within the diffusion layer such that adjacent metal nanostructures have between them, varied distances and preferably less than the wavelength of the light transmitted. The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing such a diffuser, and a display system comprising such a diffuser.

A marker includes a plurality of convex lenses each including a plurality of convex lenses each including a convex surface part on a front side; and a plurality of patterns formed on a rear surface of the plurality of convex lenses, each pattern corresponding to the convex surface part. Each of the plurality of patterns is composed of optically distinguishable first and second parts formed by a surface shape of the rear surface. The second part is disposed on each corresponding convex surface part. A distance between optical axes of the convex lenses which are adjacent is constant. A distance between centers of the second parts which are adjacent is different from the distance between the optical axes.