An illumination system generating light having at least one wavelength within 200 nm a plurality of nano-sized structures (e.g., voids). The optical fiber coupled to the light source. The light diffusing optical fiber has a core and a cladding. The plurality of nano-sized structures is situated either within said core or at a core-cladding boundary. The optical fiber also includes an outer surface. The optical fiber is configured to scatter guided light via the nano-sized structures away from the core and through the outer surface, to form a light-source fiber portion having a length that emits substantially uniform radiation over its length, said fiber having a scattering-induced attenuation greater than 50 dB/km for the wavelength(s) within 200 nm to 2000 nm range.

Wide-area solid-state illumination system, including one or more linear arrays of compact solid-state light sources, such as LEDs, an optical waveguide, and a light distributing grid panel. The optical waveguide comprises a thin sheet of an optically transmissive material which is optically coupled to the plurality of compact solid-state light sources and configured to distribute light from a first broad-area surface and an opposing second broad-area surface. A light extraction pattern is formed in the first broad-area surface and defines a plurality of light extraction areas alternating with separation areas. The light distributing grid panel comprises a plurality of transverse walls defining a plurality of openings configured for transmitting light and is positioned parallel to the thin sheet of an optically transmissive material such that at least one of the plurality of light extraction areas is disposed in registration with one of the plurality of openings and at least one of the separation areas is disposed in registration with one of the plurality of transverse walls.

An implantable light delivery device comprises: a core portion cladded in a cladding, the core portion comprising upconversion nano-particles (UCNPs) encapsulated in an encapsulation material. The implantable light delivery device may be used in treatments such as photodynamic therapy to provide an emission of light at a wavelength configured by the selection of UCNPs. The encapsulation material may comprise hydrogel and the cladding may comprise fluorinated ethylene propylene.

An apparatus including a light conversion element including an input interface for receiving input light; an output interface for providing output light having at least one different, lower frequency than the input light; and a plurality of light guides extending between the input interface and the output interface that suspend down-conversion material at remote locations from the input interface, wherein the down-conversion material is configured to down-convert the received input light to produce the provided output light of lower frequency or frequencies.

A light-emission device includes at least one emission module comprising: a luminescent crystal known as a concentrator crystal with at least six faces which are parallel in pairs, including a first and a second face, known as lateral faces, perpendicular to a direction x and separated by a distance corresponding to a horizontal dimension of the concentrator in the direction x; a first mirror, which is configured such as to cover the first lateral face at least partly, defining a surface area covered by the first mirror, and at least one surface area (SFS1) which is not covered by the first mirror defining an associated output face; a second mirror, which is configured such as to cover at least 95% of the second lateral face; a brightness triggering element, which is designed to generate emission of brightness radiation (L.sub.F) in the luminescent crystal; a ratio R between the non-covered surface area (SFS1) and a surface area (S.sub.L) of the first lateral face being determined such that rays of the brightness radiation are reflected on the first and second mirrors, and are propagated over a mean distance L.sub.moy such that

[00001]$L_p=\frac{1}{\alpha }>L_{\mathrm{moy}}\gg L$

within the luminescent crystal before passing through at least one output face, forming an output beam, where α is a coefficient of loss per unit of length of the concentrator for the brightness radiation.

A luminescent optical device, comprising an optical substrate that provides a wave guide, and an illuminating ink composition are disclosed. The device comprises a cured layer of said ink composition at an interface of said waveguide, substantially comprising a polymer matrix and a luminescence agent that is dispersed in said polymer matrix. The ink composition comprises a polymerizable acrylate compound, particularly a poly-di-acrylate matrix, preferably a poly-glycol di-acrylate matrix. The ink composition further contains a polymerization initiator that is configured and capable of releasing free radicals during polymerization of said acrylate compound and a polymerization promoter that comprises a thiol compound.

A white light generating device, for generating white light from an excitation light of a laser light having a wavelength of from 280 nm-495 nm, includes a fluorescent body generating a fluorescence having a wavelength longer than a wavelength of the excitation light. The fluorescent body includes an emission-side end surface emitting excitation light and fluorescence, an opposing end surface on an opposite side of the emission-side end surface, and an outer peripheral surface. The emission-side end surface has an area larger than an area of the opposing end surface, and the outer peripheral surface of the fluorescent body includes a part inclined with respect to a central axis of the fluorescent body by from 3.4°-23° over an entire periphery of the fluorescent body. The emission-side end surface has an area of from 0.3 mm.sup.2-1.52 mm.sup.2.

A projection system includes a light source unit, a spatial light modulation unit, and a projection optical system. Light source unit includes an optical fiber, a first light source part, and a second light source part. Optical fiber includes a light incident portion, a light emerging portion and a wavelength-converting portion. Wavelength-converting portion is disposed between light incident portion and light emerging portion. Wavelength-converting portion includes wavelength-converting elements. Wavelength-converting elements are able to be excited by excitation light to produce spontaneous emission of light having a longer wavelength than excitation light, and also excited by amplified spontaneous emission of light. First light source part makes excitation light incident on light incident portion. Second light source part makes seed light incident on light incident portion. Seed light causes wavelength-converting elements excited by excitation light or amplified spontaneous emission of light to produce stimulated emission of light.

A phosphorescent sight system is provided comprising a rear sight for disposition along a proximal portion of a slide substrate of a firearm and a front sight for disposition along a distal portion of the slide substrate. The sight system may further comprise an optical waveguide disposed within a waveguide cavity of the rear sight or the front sight. Further, a phosphorescent element may be disposed adjacent a proximal portion of the optical waveguide.

The present invention relates to an ultra-low loss optical fiber for long haul communications (100) comprising a core region (102) defined by a core relative refractive index and a cladding region surrounding the core region, defined by a cladding relative refractive index. In particular, the core region comprises a relative refractive index in a range of −0.06% to +0.06% and the cladding region is down-doped for entire radial cladding thickness. Moreover, the cladding region further comprises an inner cladding region (104) defined by an inner cladding relative refractive index and an outer cladding region (106) defined by an outer cladding relative refractive index. The inner cladding relative refractive index is less than the outer cladding relative refractive index.