A method and apparatus for mass production of AR diffractive waveguides. Low-cost mass production of large-area AR diffractive waveguides (slanted surface-relief gratings) of any shape. Uses two-photon polymerization micro-nano 3D printing to realize manufacturing of slanted grating large-area masters of any shape (thereby solving the problem about manufacturing of slanted grating masters of any shape on the one hand, realizing direct manufacturing of large-size wafer-level masters on the other hand, and also having the advantages of low manufacturing cost and high production efficiency). Composite nanoimprint lithography technology is employed (in combination with the peculiar imprint technique and the composite soft mold suitable for slanted gratings) to solve the problem that a large-slanting-angle large-slot-depth slanted grating cannot be demolded and thus cannot be manufactured, and realize the manufacturing of the slanted grating without constraints (geometric shape and size).

A nanocomposite includes a plurality of nanoparticles, where each nanoparticle of the plurality of nanoparticles includes a TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core characterized by a diameter between about 1 nm and about 20 nm and a surface .OH density below about 6.OH/nm.sup.2, and a nanoparticle shell conformally formed on surfaces of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. The nanoparticle shell is continuous and is thinner than about 2 nm. The nanoparticle shell includes a transparent material with a refractive index greater than about 1.7 for visible light. A valence band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.1 eV lower than a valence band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core. A conduction band of the nanoparticle shell is more than about 0.5 eV higher than a conduction band of the TiO.sub.2 nanoparticle core.

Layered waveguides, multi-layer waveguide displays with layered waveguides, and methods of fabricating layered waveguides with selective bonding material deposition and/or patterning.

Light-guiding panel, backlight module, and a display device are provided. An exemplary light-guiding panel includes a light-guiding body and a light diffusing-transmitting layer over the light-guiding body. The light-guiding body is configured to reflect incident light beams on a first side surface of the light-guiding body, thereby providing reflected light beams to the light diffusing-transmitting layer. The light diffusing-transmitting layer is capable of diffusing and transmitting the reflected light beams.

Vehicle light comprising a container body that houses at least one light source, a lenticular body, a light guide, the light source, so as to receive the light beam and transmit it to a light outlet wall. The light guide comprises a body that defines the propagation direction of the light beam inside the body by total internal reflection. The body has a first groove, comprising a plurality of first holes, defining cylindrical or spherical optics that produce a scattering of said light rays (Ri) towards the light outlet wall so as to emit a light beam with opalescent effect. The first holes are adjacent to each other without interruption and are blind with respect to a thickness of the body of the light guide, penetrating from a first face of the body for a first depth less than said thickness.

A system comprising a waveguide including an in-coupler and an out-coupler, and a digital micromirror device (DMD) to receive the light from the waveguide via the out-coupler, and to direct modulated light through the waveguide, the modulated light passing through the waveguide before being directed toward a user's eye.

Gray-tone lithography techniques for controlling the thickness profile of an overcoat layer on a surface-relief grating that has a non-uniform grating parameter (e.g., depth, duty cycle, or period), compensating for the non-uniform etch rate in a large area, defining etch/block regions, and/or controlling the thickness of the grating layer.

A HUD system and light source apparatus can be manufactured with miniaturization at low cost. A head-up display apparatus includes: an image display apparatus generating image light to be projected; an optical system performing predetermined correction to the image light emitted from the image display apparatus; and a concave mirror reflecting the image light corrected by the optical system to project it onto a windshield or combiner. The image display apparatus includes: a solid light source; a collimating optical system converting, into parallel light, the light from the solid light source; a lighting optical system configured by an optical member that polarizes a direction of a light beam generated by the collimating optical system and simultaneously expands a width of the light beam; and a display apparatus, the image display apparatus being configured to be arranged across and opposite the optical system on an optical axis of the concave mirror.

Three-dimensional (3D) electronic displays provide different 3D views and employ one or both of an array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows and light valves having color filters. The displays include a plate light guide configured to guide light beams at a non-zero propagation angle, a multibeam diffraction grating configured to couple out a portion of the guided light beams as a plurality of light beams having different principal angular directions representing the different 3D views, and light valves configured to modulate the differently directed, coupled-out light beams. The multibeam diffraction grating may be a member of the array arranged in offset rows and the display may further include light valves having color filters. Alternately, the light valves include color filters and the display may further include the array of multibeam diffraction gratings arranged in offset rows.

There is provided an illumination device comprising: a laser; a waveguide comprising at least first and second transparent lamina; a first grating device for coupling light from the laser into a TIR path in the waveguide; a second grating device for coupling light from the TIR path out of the waveguide; and a third grating device for applying a variation of at least one of beam deflection, phase retardation or polarization rotation across the wavefronts of the TIR light. The first second and third grating devices are each sandwiched by transparent lamina.