Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs and Bragg gratings, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated Bragg gratings (EBGs). EBGs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) grating. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured grating provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.

In part, the disclosure relates to system. The system includes a polarization diversified wavelength demultiplexer (WDM). The polarization diversified wavelength demultiplexer includes a polarization beam splitter configured to output a first polarized signal and a second polarized signal based on an input signal; and a wavelength demultiplexer (WDM) having two inputs that are connected to the two outputs of the polarization beam splitter, and configured to output signals with a single set of outputs that carry signals of both polarizations, based on the first polarized signal from the first input and the second polarized signal from the second input.

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs and Bragg gratings, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated Bragg gratings (EBGs). EBGs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) grating. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured grating provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.

The present invention provides three waveguide structures, including a protruding-type waveguide structure, a buried-type waveguide structure, and a redeposited-type waveguide structure, the protruding-type waveguide structure includes two axisymmetrically disposed first ends, and the first end is sequentially divided into a first region, a second region, and a third region in a direction toward an axis of symmetry; and the waveguide structure includes a first silicon substrate layer, a second silicon substrate layer, a first silicon dioxide layer, a second silicon dioxide layer, and a first silicon waveguide layer. The waveguide structure and the waveguide coupling structure that are provided in the present invention have advantages of a small size, low polarization dependence, and low temperature sensitivity, and a crosstalk value is greater than 25 dB, which meets a requirement of a passive optical network system, and provides feasibility for commercialization of the arrayed waveguide grating.

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs and Bragg gratings, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated Bragg gratings (EBGs). EBGs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) grating. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured grating provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs and Bragg gratings, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated Bragg gratings (EBGs). EBGs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) grating. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured grating provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.

To provide an image display device that is advantageous in terms of a reduction in deterioration in image quality due to birefringence in an optical element of an ocular optical system in which polarized light is used, the image display device includes an ocular optical system including a polarization element and configured to guide light from an image display element toward an eyeball of an observer. The ocular optical system includes at least one optical element that has a forming gate mark in a part of an outer periphery. The forming gate mark is disposed in a direction of an apex of an image display region of the image display element with respect to a point on an optical axis of the ocular optical system in a cross section perpendicular to the optical axis of the ocular optical system.

An integrated optical component includes at least one input waveguide, at least one output waveguide; a first slab waveguide having a first refractive index, n1. The first slab waveguide may be disposed between at least one of the input waveguides and at least one of the output waveguides. The integrated optical component may further include a second slab waveguide having a second refractive index, n2. The integrated optical component may also include a third cladding slab having a third refractive index, n3. The third cladding slab may be disposed between the first slab and the second slab. The thickness of the second slab waveguide and the thickness of the third slab waveguide are adjustable to reduce a birefringence of the integrated optical component.

The invention concerns an optoelectronic chip including a pair of optical inputs having a same bandwidth, and each being adapted to a different polarization, at least one photonic circuit to be tested, and an optical coupling device configured to couple the two inputs to the circuit to be tested.

Improvements to gratings for use in waveguides and methods of producing them are described herein. Deep surface relief gratings (SRGs) may offer many advantages over conventional SRGs and Bragg gratings, an important one being a higher S-diffraction efficiency. In one embodiment, deep SRGs can be implemented as polymer surface relief gratings or evacuated Bragg gratings (EBGs). EBGs can be formed by first recording a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) grating. Removing the liquid crystal from the cured grating provides a polymer surface relief grating. Polymer surface relief gratings have many applications including for use in waveguide-based displays.