An alignment optical measurement element includes a grating coupler, and a reflector coupled to the grating coupler. The alignment optical measurement element is arranged so that: the grating coupler diffracts an incident light in a first direction into a first diffracted light to propagate the first diffracted light as a first propagating light in a second direction, the reflector reflects the first propagating light into a second propagating light in a third direction opposite to the second direction; and the grating coupler diffracts the second propagating light into a second diffracted light to emit the second diffracted light as an emitted light in a fourth direction opposite to the first direction.

A method and system of determining a z-distance between an optical fiber and a substrate are presented. The method can include, for instance: obtaining an image that includes an end of the optical fiber and a reflection of the end of the optical fiber from a surface of the substrate, and processing the image to determine a z-distance along a z-axis between the end of the optical fiber and the substrate.

An optical pick and place machine that includes a self-calibrating optical controller for error feedback based optical placement of optical components using active alignment is described. The optical controller can include a loopback mode to generate a baseline value of light generated by a light source and measured by a photodetector within the optical controller. The optical controller can further include an active alignment mode in which the light is coupled from the pick and place machine to the optical device on which the component is placed. The optical coupling of the placed component can be evaluated against the baseline value to ensure that the optical coupling is within specification (e.g., within a prespecified range).

An optical measuring device includes: a laser light source that emits first light having a first wavelength; an image capturing unit that emits second light having a second wavelength different from the first wavelength; a separating unit that receives the first light and the second light to direct the first light and the second light toward an object to be measured, and receives reflected light from the object to be measured to separate the reflected light into first reflected light based on the first light and second reflected light based on the second light; a light receiving element that receives the first reflected light separated by the separating unit; and a calculating unit that calculates a yawing angle and a pitching angle of the object to be measured based on a light receiving result of the light receiving element, in which the image capturing unit captures an image of the object to be measured by receiving the second reflected light separated by the separating unit, and the calculating unit calculates a rolling angle of the object to be measured based on an image capturing result acquired by the image capturing unit.

A system for injection of a useful radiation beam into an optical fiber is disclosed including a secondary radiation source, which is connected to the optical fiber such that a secondary radiation beam leaves by an end of the optical fiber. A variable deviation device, for deviating the useful radiation beam towards the end of the optical fiber, an optical detection assembly, identifying the direction of the secondary radiation beam, and an injection controller, for controlling the variable deviation device depending on the direction of the secondary radiation beam. The secondary radiation may be made up by an amplified spontaneous emission from a laser amplifier which is used for amplifying the useful radiation. The injection system may advantageously be used in a terminal for optical telecommunication by laser signals.

Embodiments of alignment structures are disclosed that enable the alignment of a fiber attach unit (FAU) and the optical fibers contained therein to optical components on optical interposers or substrates on which photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are formed. Alignment of the optical fibers is enabled without the requirement for powering of the active optoelectrical devices in the PIC, but rather use an external testing apparatus to provide one or more optical signals to facilitate alignment. Methods for alignment using embodiments of the alignment structure is also disclosed.

An optical pick and place machine that includes a self-calibrating optical controller for error feedback based optical placement of optical components using active alignment is described. The optical controller can include a loopback mode to generate a baseline value of light generated by a light source and measured by a photodetector within the optical controller. The optical controller can further include an active alignment mode in which the light is coupled from the pick and place machine to the optical device on which the component is placed. The optical coupling of the placed component can be evaluated against the baseline value to ensure that the optical coupling is within specification (e.g., within a prespecified range).

An optical pick and place machine that includes a self-calibrating optical controller for error feedback based optical placement of optical components using active alignment is described. The optical controller can include a loopback mode to generate a baseline value of light generated by a light source and measured by a photodetector within the optical controller. The optical controller can further include an active alignment mode in which the light is coupled from the pick and place machine to the optical device on which the component is placed. The optical coupling of the placed component can be evaluated against the baseline value to ensure that the optical coupling is within specification (e.g., within a prespecified range).

An optical pick and place machine that includes a self-calibrating optical controller for error feedback based optical placement of optical components using active alignment is described. The optical controller can include a loopback mode to generate a baseline value of light generated by a light source and measured by a photodetector within the optical controller. The optical controller can further include an active alignment mode in which the light is coupled from the pick and place machine to the optical device on which the component is placed. The optical coupling of the placed component can be evaluated against the baseline value to ensure that the optical coupling is within specification (e.g., within a prespecified range).

A system for injection of a useful radiation beam into an optical fiber is disclosed including a secondary radiation source, which is connected to the optical fiber such that a secondary radiation beam leaves by an end of the optical fiber. A variable deviation device, for deviating the useful radiation beam towards the end of the optical fiber, an optical detection assembly, identifying the direction of the secondary radiation beam, and an injection controller, for controlling the variable deviation device depending on the direction of the secondary radiation beam. The secondary radiation may be made up by an amplified spontaneous emission from a laser amplifier which is used for amplifying the useful radiation. The injection system may advantageously be used in a terminal for optical telecommunication by laser signals.