An apparatus with first and second transparent conductive oxide layers is described. A photoconductive layer can be positioned between the first and a second transparent conductive oxide layers. The photoconductive layer can be a crystalline layer that can include bismuth silicate or other suitable materials. An electro-optical layer is positioned in contact with the photoconductive layer. In some embodiments the photoconductive layer is positionable to receive a write beam that defines a two-dimensional spatial pattern.

An apparatus with first and second transparent conductive oxide layers is described. A photoconductive layer can be positioned between the first and a second transparent conductive oxide layers. The photoconductive layer can be a crystalline layer that can include bismuth silicate or other suitable materials. An electro-optical layer is positioned in contact with the photoconductive layer. In some embodiments the photoconductive layer is positionable to receive a write beam that defines a two-dimensional spatial pattern.

The invention concerns a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (101) comprising: a liquid crystal layer (7); and on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer (7), at least one photovoltaic cell (456), each photovoltaic cell (456) comprising a photosensitive layer (5) comprising electron-donating (D) molecules and electron accepting (A) molecules, each photovoltaic cell (456) being arranged for spontaneous photovoltage under illumination. Electron-donating molecules and electron accepting molecules are preferably blended and form preferably an organic bulk heterojunction layer. The photosensitive layer (5) of each photovoltaic cell (456) is preferably comprised between: —an electron conducting layer (4) arranged for a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5), and —an electron hole conducting layer (6) arranged for a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5).

A projection apparatus including an array of infrared emitters, the infrared emitters of said array being arranged in a first pattern; a plurality of liquid-crystal cells and corresponding control circuits, a given liquid-crystal cell being arranged in front of a corresponding infrared emitter of said array; and a processor configured to generate drive signals for driving the control circuits in a random or pseudorandom manner; and control the plurality of liquid-crystal cells individually, via the corresponding control circuits, to project a second pattern of light spots onto objects present in a real-world environment, wherein, when driven by a given drive signal, a given control circuit electrically controls a corresponding liquid-crystal cell to any of: block light emanating from a corresponding infrared emitter, transmit the light in an unbended manner, bend the light.

The invention concerns a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (101) comprising: a liquid crystal layer (7); and on at least one side of the liquid crystal layer (7), at least one photovoltaic cell (456), each photovoltaic cell (456) comprising a photosensitive layer (5) comprising electron-donating (D) molecules and electron accepting (A) molecules, each photovoltaic cell (456) being arranged for spontaneous photovoltage under illumination. Electron-donating molecules and electron accepting molecules are preferably blended and form preferably an organic bulk heterojunction layer. The photosensitive layer (5) of each photovoltaic cell (456) is preferably comprised between: an electron conducting layer (4) arranged for a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5), and an electron hole conducting layer (6) arranged for a transfer of an electron hole from its contacting photosensitive layer (5) easier than a transfer of an electron from its contacting photosensitive layer (5).

A method of thinning a display panel and a display device are provided, to solve the technical issue in the related art that a color filter substrate of an ultrathin display panel is of a lower strength if the color filter substrate is too thin. According to the method of thinning the display panel, the intermediate layer is coated onto the surface of the first substrate away from the second substrate, the protection adhesive is attached on the intermediate layer, and the second substrate is chemically thinned at one side thereof, thereby protecting the first substrate from being chemically thinned during the chemical thinning.

A monolithic transmissive or reflective light valve system able to withstand operation with high optical fluence and high average power lasers is described. The light valve includes a liquid crystal layer on an alignment layer, a first epitaxial doped semiconductor transparent electrode on a photoconductor layer made of a first wide bandgap or ultrawide bandgap semi- insulating semiconductor layer (or wafer). A second epitaxial semiconductor transparent electrode layer brackets the light valve and includes a second wide bandgap or ultrawide bandgap semi-insulating, or conductive semiconductor layer (or wafer). In some embodiments, the doped epitaxial or ion implanted transparent electrode and photoconductor layers have matched coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and further matched CTE to the second wide bandgap material bracketing the light valve. In some embodiments, the transparent electrode and photoconductor layers have matched index of refraction, along with matched photoexcitation levels.

A method of thinning a display panel and a display device are provided, to solve the technical issue in the related art that a color filter substrate of an ultrathin display panel is of a lower strength if the color filter substrate is too thin. According to the method of thinning the display panel, the intermediate layer is coated onto the surface of the first substrate away from the second substrate, the protection adhesive is attached on the intermediate layer, and the second substrate is chemically thinned at one side thereof, thereby protecting the first substrate from being chemically thinned during the chemical thinning.

The object of the present invention is an cascaded ionizing radiation converter, comprising the first conversion stage, transforming ionizing radiation into non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, the second conversion stage transforming non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation into an electrical charge, and the third conversion stage transforming the generated electric charge into the change of potential controlling the liquid crystal cell, wherein the first conversion stage is a radioluminescent layer, preferably Lu.sub.2O.sub.3:Eu layer, the second conversion stage is a photoconductive material layer, preferably amorphous selenium or poly (3-hexyl-thiophene) layer, and the non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation emission spectrum of the first conversion stage corresponds with the non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation absorption spectrum of the second conversion stage; And an imaging diagnostic apparatus using cascaded ionizing radiation converter.

A light valve can include a liquid crystal layer having a first and a second side. A first substrate is positioned in contact with the first side of the liquid crystal layer, with the first substrate having a first semiconductor layer. A second substrate is positioned in contact with the second side of the liquid crystal layer, with the second substrate having a second semiconductor transparent electrode layer and a second semiconductor layer. A plurality of laser transparent aperture support structures are positioned within the liquid crystal layer to contact both the first and the second substrate to generate a stable uniform gap under the force from the liquid crystal surface tension applied to substrate that are thin and compliant.