Embossing resins, methods of manufacturing such resins, and electrokinetic display system, which includes display cells containing such resins. The resins include a fluoropolymer in weight percentage 5%-60%, a difunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-30%, a monofunctional diluent in weight percentage 0-40%, a urethane diacrylate or functionalized nanoscale material, e.g., a functionalized urethane material, in weight percentage 5-50%, a photoinitiator in weight percentage 0.5-5%, and a surfactant in weight percentage less than 0.5%. The difunctional diluent may be Hexanediol Diacrylate, and the monofunctional diluent may be a monofunctional hydrocarbon. The resins are made by identifying a target index of refraction for a cured state thereof, and combining together, by weight percentage, the constituent components to produce the liquid state version of the embossing resin having a desired composite index of refraction.

A plastic substrate includes: a plastic support member having light transmittance; and a first organic-inorganic hybrid layer on the plastic support member. The first organic-inorganic hybrid layer includes: a first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix; and ions implanted into the first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix at a side opposite to a side adjacent the plastic support member. An amount of the ions per unit area is in a range from about 2×10.sup.13/cm.sup.2 to about 2×10.sup.14/cm.sup.2.

A front light module includes a foldable light guide plate, a light source, an upper insulating layer, an upper optical adhesive layer, a lower insulating layer, and a lower optical adhesive layer. The top surface and the bottom surface of the foldable light guide plate adjoin the light incident surface of the foldable light guide plate. The light source faces toward the light incident surface. The upper insulating layer is located on the top surface. The upper optical adhesive layer is located on the upper insulating layer, and a storage modulus of the upper optical adhesive layer is less than a storage modulus of the upper insulating layer. The lower optical adhesive layer is located on a bottom surface of the lower insulating layer, and a storage modulus of the lower optical adhesive layer is less than a storage modulus of the lower insulating layer.

A polymer modulator including a waveguide core defined over an insulating layer and having a first passive region including a light input, a second passive region including a light output, and an active region optically coupling the passive regions into a continuous waveguide core between the input and output. The waveguide core in the first and second passive regions including one of sol-gel and SiO.sub.2 surrounded by cladding including one of sol-gel and SiO.sub.2. The cladding in the passive regions having a first refractive index, the waveguide core in both regions having a second refractive index at least 0.01 higher than the first refractive index. The waveguide core in the active region including sol-gel, a cladding layer of sol-gel positioned between the insulating layer and the waveguide core, the refractive index of the waveguide core is at least 0.01 higher than the refractive index of the cladding layer.

A plastic substrate includes: a plastic support member having light transmittance; and a first organic-inorganic hybrid layer on the plastic support member. The first organic-inorganic hybrid layer includes: a first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix; and ions implanted into the first organic-inorganic hybrid matrix at a side opposite to a side adjacent the plastic support member. An amount of the ions per unit area is in a range from about 2×10.sup.13/cm.sup.2 to about 2×10.sup.14/cm.sup.2.

An augmented reality display system includes a pair of variable focus lens elements that sandwich a waveguide stack. One of the lens elements is positioned between the waveguide stack and a user's eye to correct for refractive errors in the focusing of light projected from the waveguide stack to that eye. The lens elements may also be configured to provide appropriate optical power to place displayed virtual content on a desired depth plane. The other lens element is between the ambient environment and the waveguide stack, and is configured to provide optical power to compensate for aberrations in the transmission of ambient light through the waveguide stack and the lens element closest to the eye. In addition, an eye-tracking system monitors the vergence of the user's eyes and automatically and continuously adjusts the optical powers of the pair of lens elements based on the determined vergence of those eyes.

An active IR camouflage device may include a base layer, a first dielectric layer over the base layer, a phase transition material layer over the first dielectric layer, a second dielectric layer over the phase transition material layer, and a first metal layer over the second dielectric layer and defining a pattern of openings therein. The active IR camouflage device may have circuitry configured to selectively cause a transition from a first phase state to a second phase state of the phase transition material layer to control IR reflectance/emission of a top plasmonic layer, making it appear/disappear from the IR detector/camera. In some embodiments, the active IR camouflage device may also include a second metal layer between the base layer and the first dielectric layer.

Provided is a magneto-optic element that enables easy size reduction of an optical isolator. A magneto-optic element is formed of two or more magnetic members joined together.

A protective film includes a panel protective film, a first protective film disposed on a surface of the panel protective film and covering the surface of the panel protective film, the first protective film having a surface and an opposite surface facing the panel protective film, and a second protective film disposed on an opposite surface of the panel protective film and covering the opposite surface of the panel protective film, the second protective film having a surface facing the panel protective film and an opposite surface opposed to the surface of the second protective film, wherein the first protective film includes a first film layer, a first adhesive layer disposed on the opposite surface of the first film layer, and a blocking layer disposed on an opposite surface of the first adhesive layer along an edge of the first adhesive layer.

A display device of the present disclosure includes a transparent plate, a first display panel disposed at on a first surface of the transparent plate, a first transparent frame disposed at on the first surface of the transparent plate and adjacent to a side of the first display panel, a first receiving portion formed on at the transparent plate and positioned between the transparent plate and the first display panel, a slot formed at at least one of the transparent plate or the first transparent frame, a first member layer connected to a first side of the first display panel, a first PCB connected to the first member layer and positioned at the first receiving portion, and a first cable extended extending from the first PCB and inserted into the slot.