A display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, an isolation structure, and a front panel laminate (FPL) structure. The TFT array substrate has pixel electrodes. The isolation structure is between the pixel electrodes to form a first resistance between adjacent pixel electrodes. The front panel laminate structure is located on the isolation structure and the pixel electrodes adhesive layer, and has a display medium layer therein.

A structure for the testing of an electronic circuit for addressing a matrix of cells including a plurality of blocks containing at least one first material, piezoelectric and/or dielectric, the dielectric properties of which can be modulated according to the intensity of an electric field that is applied to it, at least one separation region between the blocks, the structure further including a shared electrode connected to a first end of the blocks containing the first material, a second end of the blocks containing the first material being arranged with respect to a face of the structure called “contact face”, so that when the contact face is disposed on the addressing circuit, the second end of the blocks is connected to at least one conductive stud of the addressing circuit.

A display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, an isolation structure, and a front panel laminate (FPL) structure. The TFT array substrate has pixel electrodes. The isolation structure is between the pixel electrodes to form a first resistance between adjacent pixel electrodes. The front panel laminate structure is located on the isolation structure and the pixel electrodes adhesive layer, and has a display medium layer therein.

[Object] To provide an optical element and an electronic apparatus having a high response speed and high controllability of a modulation wavelength.

[Solving Means] An optical element according to the present technology includes a first conductor film, a second conductor film, and a dielectric film. The first conductor film has light transmittance and capable of controlling optical transition energy by a Fermi level adjustment. The second conductor film has the light transmittance and capable of controlling the optical transition energy by the Fermi level adjustment. The dielectric film is arranged between the first conductor film and the second conductor film and has the light transmittance and elasticity.

A display device includes a thin film transistor (TFT) array substrate, an isolation structure, and a front panel laminate (FPL) structure. The TFT array substrate has pixel electrodes. The isolation structure is between the pixel electrodes to form a first resistance between adjacent pixel electrodes. The front panel laminate structure is located on the isolation structure and the pixel electrodes adhesive layer, and has a display medium layer therein.

Provided is an electro-optical modulator, particularly a double layer graphene modulator having an optimized arrangement to provide both a large optical bandwidth and a high optical transmission for light travelling through an optical waveguide of the modulator, wherein at least one of a top and a bottom graphene sheets extends along a X-direction: above part of the width of the optical waveguide, wherein that part ranges from 50% to 100% of the width of the optical waveguide; or completely above the whole width of the optical waveguide, and beyond through a respective further projecting portion with a length, along the X direction, of up to 25% of the optical waveguide width. Provided is also a method for obtaining the electro-optical modulator of the invention.

A liquid crystal display device includes a light source member and a display panel disposed on the light source member. The display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a liquid crystal layer, and a color conversion layer that is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate. The color conversion layer includes a light emitter and a low refractive body having a refractive index of about 1.0 to about 1.3. The liquid crystal display device exhibits high color reproducibility and improves external light extraction efficiency.

Electro-optical devices and methods for constructing electro-optical devices such as a switch or phase shifter. An electrode layer is deposited on a substrate layer, a waveguide structure is deposited on the electrode layer, a first cladding layer is deposited on the waveguide structure, and the first cladding layer is planarized and bonded to a wafer. The substrate layer is removed and the electrode layer is etched to split the electrode layer into a first electrode separated from a second electrode. A second cladding layer is deposited on the etched electrode layer. The first and second electrodes may be composed of a material with a large dielectric constant, or they may be composed of a material with a large electron mobility. The device may exhibit a sandwich waveguide architecture where an electro-optic layer is disposed between two strip waveguides.

A liquid crystal display device provided by the present invention includes a backlight source, a light path modulation box and a liquid crystal display panel. The light path modulation box is disposed on the backlight source. The light path modulation box is configured to modulate light emitted out from the backlight source such that backlight is emitted out along a direction perpendicular to the light path modulation box. The liquid crystal display panel is disposed on the light path modulation box. The backlight emitted by the backlight source passes through the light path modulation box and enters the liquid crystal display panel.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device capable of maintaining a favorable voltage holding ratio and reducing occurrence of image sticking and stain and a decrease in contrast ratio in a high-temperature environment for a long time while including a photo-alignment film, and a method for manufacturing such a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes paired substrates, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the substrates, a photo-alignment film disposed between at least one of the substrates and the liquid crystal layer, and a polymer layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the photo-alignment film. The photo-alignment film contains a polymer that contains a photo-reactive functional group. The polymer layer contains a polymer that has a structure derived from a specific polymerization initiator and a structure derived from a specific monomer.