The present invention provides a satisfactory electrophotographic photosensitive member which satisfies wear resistance and electrical properties and further, with which image defects do not occur, a process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrophotographic apparatus and a process cartridge each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member the surface layer of which contains a copolymer of a polymerizable functional group-containing charge transporting substance and a particular polymerizable compound.

A thermally developable material comprising a support and having thereon at least one non-photosensitive carrier layer comprising: a binder comprising vinyl butyral repeat units and alcohol repeat units, an adhesion promoting compound comprising ester repeat units, and a crosslinker comprising isocyanate repeat units; and at least one thermally developable imaging layer comprising organic silver salt grains, light-sensitive silver halide grains, a reducing agent, a binder comprising hydroxyl and butryal repeat units, and a crosslinker comprising at least one isocyanate group.

The present invention provides a satisfactory electrophotographic photosensitive member which satisfies wear resistance and electrical properties and further, with which image defects do not occur, a process for producing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrophotographic apparatus and a process cartridge each including the electrophotographic photosensitive member. The electrophotographic photosensitive member the surface layer of which contains a copolymer of a polymerizable functional group-containing charge transporting substance and a particular polymerizable compound.