Electronic ink paper includes: an image display area comprising a support layer, a conductive layer on the support layer, an ink layer on the conductive layer and to display an image by electrophoresis of pigment particles dispersed in an electrophoretic liquid, and a transparent surface layer to cover the ink layer; and a border to surround the image display area and including at least one edge having a tapered shape that decreases in thickness toward the outside of the border.

An electrophoretic device includes a fiber layer, an electrophoretic particle configured to migrate through a gap in the fiber layer, and a partition wall extended in a thickness direction of the fiber layer to separate the fiber layer into a plurality of migration cells. The partition wall includes a cured body of a curable resin, and the cured body includes a constriction part between both end portions of the fiber layer in the thickness direction.

A compliant surface is created with micron scale pits or dimples above an electrically biased conductive layer. The dimples are filled partially with fountain solution and brought adjacent a surface bearing a charge image. The field lines between pixel charge and backplane conductive layer are guided by the dielectric variations defined by the dimple walls and the fountain solution. Dielectrophoretic forces cause the fountain solution within the dimples to flow up to the charge image and wet the surface. A desired volume is controlled by varying parameters such as nip pressure. The developed latent image is then brought into contact with a transfer member blanket and split, thus creating on the blanket a fountain solution latent image ready for inking.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an electrophoretic particle, in which the electrophoretic particle includes a mother particle and a block copolymer, including: a step of polymerizing a monomer M having a site contributing to dispersibility into a dispersion medium, a monomer M including a second functional group having reactivity with the first functional group, a charged monomer M by living polymerization without random copolymerizing the monomer M1 and the monomer M2 so as to obtain the block copolymer; and a step of reacting the first functional group and the second functional group to a bonding section to a mother particle so as to connect the block copolymer to the mother particle.

There is provided a method of manufacturing an electrophoretic particle, in which the electrophoretic particle includes a mother particle and a block copolymer, including: a step of polymerizing a monomer M having a site contributing to dispersibility into a dispersion medium, a monomer M including a second functional group having reactivity with the first functional group, a charged monomer M by living polymerization without random copolymerizing the monomer M1 and the monomer M2 so as to obtain the block copolymer; and a step of reacting the first functional group and the second functional group to a bonding section to a mother particle so as to connect the block copolymer to the mother particle.

An electrophoresis device including: in an insulating liquid, migrating particles in a charged state; and a porous layer including a fibrous structure and non-migrating particles, the fibrous structure having a potential opposite to that of the migrating particles, and the non-migrating particles held by the fibrous structure.

An electro-optic display may comprise a front electrode having a first opening defined therein, a rear electrode having a second opening defined therein, an electro-optic layer between the front and rear electrodes and a rigid conductive component passing through the first and second openings and electrically contacting the front electrode but not the rear electrode.

A compliant surface is created with micron scale pits or dimples above an electrically biased conductive layer. The dimples are filled partially with fountain solution and brought adjacent a surface bearing a charge image. The field lines between pixel charge and backplane conductive layer are guided by the dielectric variations defined by the dimple walls and the fountain solution. Dielectrophoretic forces cause the fountain solution within the dimples to flow up to the charge image and wet the surface. A desired volume is controlled by varying parameters such as nip pressure. The developed latent image is then brought into contact with a transfer member blanket and split, thus creating on the blanket a fountain solution latent image ready for inking.

An electro-optic display comprising at least two separate layers of electro-optic material, with one of these layers being capable of displaying at least one optical state which cannot be displayed by the other layer. The display is driven by a single set of electrodes between which both layers are sandwiched, the two layers being controllable at least partially independently of one another. Another form of the invention uses three different types of particles within a single electrophoretic layer, with the three types of particles being arranged to shutter independently of one another.

Some embodiments are directed to a light modulator comprising transparent substrates, or a transparent substrate and a reflective or partially reflective substrate, multiple electrodes being applied to the substrates in a pattern across the substrate. A controller may apply an electric potential to the electrodes to obtain an electro-magnetic field between the electrodes providing electrophoretic movement of the particles towards or from an electrode.