An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, an image forming portion, a cleaning device, and a controller. The cleaning device includes a blade, a rotatable brush, and an applying portion. The controller controls the applying portion so as to apply the bias to the brush so that a potential of the brush has a polarity opposite to a normal charge polarity of toner. When a tensile strength of the brush is A (cn/dtex), a thickness of the brush is B (denier), a bristle density of the brush is C (kF/inch.sup.2), a length of the brush is D (mm), and an elastic deformation rate of the surface of the photosensitive member is E (%), the following relationships are satisfied: 48(%)≤E≤60(%), and 400≤{A×B.sup.2×C/D.sup.2}≤20408.

A driving unit is controlled so that a driving state where an image bearing member is driven with a first potential difference formed between a brush member and the image bearing member at a contact portion where the image bearing member is in contact with the brush member transitions to a stopped state where the image bearing member stops being driven with a second potential difference formed, the second potential difference having an absolute value less than that of the first potential difference.

An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, a charging member, a developing device, a blade, a detecting portion, and a controller. The controller causes the photosensitive member to rotate through one full circumference or more on the following conditions during a predetermined operation: (i) a voltage which is a discharge start voltage or more is applied to the charging member, and (ii) an operation condition of the developing device is a first condition on which an amount of fog toner deposited from the developer carrying member on the photosensitive member is smaller than an amount of the fog toner on a second condition which is an operation condition of the developing device during a sheet interval before the image formation during the continuous image formation is interrupted.

An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable photosensitive member, an image forming portion, a cleaning device, and a controller. The cleaning device includes a blade, a rotatable brush, and an applying portion. The controller controls the applying portion so as to apply a bias to the brush so that a potential of the brush has a polarity opposite to a normal charge polarity of toner. When a tensile strength of the brush is A (cn/dtex), a thickness of the brush is B (denier), a bristle density of the brush is C (kF/inch.sup.2), a length of the brush is D (mm), and an elastic deformation rate of the surface of the photosensitive member is E (%), the following relationships are satisfied: 48(%)≤E≤60(%), and 400≤{A×B.sup.2×C/D.sup.2}≤20408.

An image forming apparatus has a photoconductive member and a cleaning member arranged to face the photoconductive member at a cleaning position and configured to be applied with a cleaning bias to collect residual developing agent on the photoconductive member after the developed image is transferred. A controller of the image forming apparatus controls a transferring bias so that a transferring current representing a current flowing between the photoconductive member and a transferring member is controlled to become a target current value. Further, the controller calculates a cleaning position potential representing a surface potential of the photoconductive member at the facing position based on the transferring current and a charge potential representing a surface potential of the photoconductive member immediately after being charged by the charging device, and controls the cleaning bias based on the cleaning position potential as calculated.

The image forming apparatus includes a control unit that executes a supply operation to supply a toner charged with a regular charge polarity, to at least one abutting portion of a plurality of abutting portions, at the time of image non-formation, the plurality of abutting portions being formed by a plurality of cleaning members and a plurality of image bearing members, the control unit determining an image bearing member to which the most amount of the toner charged with the regular charge polarity is supplied, based on image formation information, the image formation information being information about an image formation executed before the supply operation is executed.

There is provided an image forming apparatus including: an intermediate transfer belt; a photosensitive drum; a primary transfer member; a secondary transfer member; a first backup member; a first power supply electrically connected to the primary transfer member and to the secondary transfer member; and a first resistor electrically connected to the first power supply and to the primary transfer member. A first current route, in which the first resistor, the primary transfer member, and the photosensitive drum are connected in series in that order, is connected to the first power supply and to a basis potential. A second current route, in which the secondary transfer member and the first backup member are connected in series, is connected to the first power supply and to the basis potential. The first current route is connected in parallel to the second current route.

An image forming apparatus includes a potential applier, a cleaning device and a hardware processor. The cleaning device includes an abutting member abutting a surface of the image carrier and removes residual toner on the surface of the image carrier by means of the abutting member after a toner image formed on the surface of the image carrier is transferred to a transfer material. In a cleaning mode for removing a foreign matter attached to the abutting member of the cleaning device, the hardware processor controls the potential applier to alternately apply a first potential and a second potential which is lower than the first potential to the image carrier so as to periodically change a potential of the abutting member without causing saturation.

An example cleaning station for a liquid electrophotographic printer is described. The cleaning station has a first cleaning member, a second cleaning member, and a biasing member. The cleaning station is configured to move between a first position and a second position with respect to a photo imaging member of the printer. In the first position, the first cleaning member is arranged to remove particles from the photo imaging member of the printer and the second cleaning member is arranged to apply a force to a layer of liquid applied to the photo imaging member. In the second position, the biasing member is configured to cause the second cleaning member to contact the first cleaning member to clean the second cleaning member.

A driving unit is controlled so that a driving state where an image bearing member is driven with a first potential difference formed between a brush member and the image bearing member at a contact portion where the image bearing member is in contact with the brush member transitions to a stopped state where the image bearing member stops being driven with a second potential difference formed, the second potential difference having an absolute value less than that of the first potential difference.