An image-forming apparatus includes first and second photosensitive drums, first and second image-forming portion including first and second development rollers configured to bear developers composed of first and second toner particles and organosilicon protrusions formed on surfaces of the first and second toner particles, an intermediate transfer member to which a developer image is to be transferred in first and second contact portions in contact with the first and second photosensitive drums, and a transfer member configured to transfer the developer image to a recording material in a transfer portion. The first contact portion is formed downstream of the transfer portion and upstream of the second contact portion in a movement direction of the surface of the intermediate transfer member. A protrusion formed on the second developer has a lower height than a protrusion formed on the first developer.

A toner particle includes a binder resin, a colorant, a releasing agent, and a dispersant. The binder resin includes a non-crystalline polyester resin containing 1 to 15 mol % of a polyfunctional carboxylic acid unit having a pendant group with 3 to 32 carbons and a crystalline polyester resin. An endothermic amount Tg2nd-dH derived from the crystalline polyester resin is 4 to 40 J/g. The releasing agent has a melting point of 60 to 100° C. The dispersant has a melting point of 60 to 100° C. A mass ratio of the dispersant to the releasing agent is 50:50 to 95:5.

A toner includes toner base particles and external additives deposited on a surface of the toner base particle. The toner base particle includes an amorphous polyester resin, a crystalline polyester resin, a release agent, and resin particles. An abundance ratio of the crystalline polyester resin in the surface of the toner base particle as observed by TEM is 2.5% or greater but 25% or less. The resin particles are deposited at the surface of the toner base particle as observed by SEM. A ratio of aggregates of the resin particles occupying the surface of the toner base particle is 1% or greater but 70% or less, where R is a major axis of the minimum particle of the resin particles, and the resin particle having a major axis of 3R or greater is determined as the aggregate.

An electrostatic image developing toner includes toner particles, an external additive A, and an external additive B. At least the external additive A is deposited on the surfaces of the toner particles. At least the external additive B is deposited on the external additive A. The external additive B includes an aggregate of two or more particles. The coverage of the toner particles with the external additive B is 3% by area or more with respect to the total surface area of the toner particles.

A toner particle includes a core particle including a binder resin, and a plurality of fine particles that are smaller than the core particle and that are attached to a surface of the core particle. The fine particles include silica fine particles, and inorganic fine particles having a band gap energy of 2.5 to 7.0 eV and a relative permittivity of 30 to 100. The toner particle has a content of titanium dioxide of less than 1% by mass.

A toner, comprising a toner particle, wherein the toner particle has a core-shell structure comprising a core particle and a shell on a surface of the core particle, the shell comprises a polymer having monomer units represented by Formula (I) below, the toner comprises a specific external additive A, the external additive A is at least one selected from the group consisting of silica fine particles and organosilicon polymer fine particles, and a ratio of coverage of a surface of the toner particle with the external additive A is 0.3 area % or higher:

##STR00001## in Formula (I), L.sup.1 represents —COO(CH.sub.2).sub.n— (where n is an integer of 1 to 10), and carbonyl of L.sup.1 is bonded to a carbon atom of a main chain; R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or a methyl group; and R.sup.2 to R.sup.10 represent each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, and an external additive, wherein the toner particle further comprises a monohydric aliphatic alcohol, the monohydric aliphatic alcohol has 8 to 18 carbon atoms, a content ratio of the monohydric aliphatic alcohol extracted from the toner with ethanol is 30 to 300 ppm by mass in the toner, and the external additive comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrotalcite particles and alumina particles.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the toner particle further comprises a compound represented by a following formula (1) and a pigment having a quinacridone structure;

##STR00001##

where, in the formula (1), R represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 to 4.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner contains: a toner particle including a core portion containing a binder resin and a release agent that has a melting temperature Tm of 80° C. or less, and a coating layer that coats the core portion and contains an amorphous polyester resin, and the toner particle has a cross section in which one or more and three or less domains of the release agent are present in the core portion, the one or more and three or less domains having a circle-equivalent diameter of 1 μm or more and 3 μm or less, the toner particle has a volume average particle diameter of 4.2 μm or more and 5.8 μm or less, and a ratio of a thickness of the coating layer to a maximum diameter of the toner particle is 1% or more and 25% or less in the cross section.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes a toner particle, and the toner particle includes: a core particle containing a large-diameter particle having a number average particle diameter of 1 μm or more; and a shell layer that includes at least two resin layers each containing an amorphous resin and covers a surface of the core particles, and an outermost layer of the at least two resin layers is a resin layer being made of the amorphous resin.