Exemplary embodiments described in this disclosure pertain to a system that includes a high-level controller coupled to a low-level controller in an arrangement that allows the high-level controller to cooperate with the low-level controller for controlling a power generation unit. The high-level controller generates supplementary signals and/or supplementary code that is provided to a surrogate controller. The surrogate controller uses the supplementary signals and/or supplementary code to generate control software that is provided to the low-level controller for controlling certain operational aspects of the power generation unit that cannot be independently controlled by the low-level controller. If the high-level controller is placed in an independent mode of operation for any reason, the surrogate controller continues to cooperate with the low-level controller for controlling various operations of the power generation unit that were being controlled by the low-level controller prior to the high-level controller entering the independent mode of operation.

Exemplary embodiments described in this disclosure pertain to a system that includes a high-level controller coupled to a low-level controller in an arrangement that allows the high-level controller to cooperate with the low-level controller for controlling a power generation unit. The high-level controller generates supplementary signals and/or supplementary code that is provided to a surrogate controller. The surrogate controller uses the supplementary signals and/or supplementary code to generate control software that is provided to the low-level controller for controlling certain operational aspects of the power generation unit that cannot be independently controlled by the low-level controller. If the high-level controller is placed in an independent mode of operation for any reason, the surrogate controller continues to cooperate with the low-level controller for controlling various operations of the power generation unit that were being controlled by the low-level controller prior to the high-level controller entering the independent mode of operation.

An arrangement for controlling and/or monitoring at least one subsea device may include: a first level node communicatively, in particular electrically and/or fiberoptically connectable to an equipment above a sea surface of a sea; at least one second level node communicatively, e.g., electrically and/or fiberoptically connected to the first level node and electrically connectable to the at least one subsea device, wherein the first level node and the at least one second level node are arrangeable at a sea bottom of the sea. A corresponding method is also disclosed.

A process control arrangement (PKA), having a number of fieldbus systems (DP1, PA1, FH), especially different fieldbus systems (DP1, PA1, FH), and having a number of fieldbus interfaces (PAP1, PAP2, PAP3), wherein each of the fieldbus systems (DP1, PA1, FH) is connected to at least one of the fieldbus interfaces (PAP1, PAP2, PAP3), wherein the fieldbus interfaces (PAP1, PAP2, PAP3) serve for communication between the fieldbus systems (DP1, PA1, FH) and a communication plane (ET2) superordinated to the fieldbus systems, only a first of the fieldbus interfaces (PAP1) is directly connected to the superordinated communication plane (ET2), and wherein the fieldbus interfaces (PAP1, PAP2, PAP3) are connected in series with one another beginning with the first of the fieldbus interfaces (PAP1).