In some examples, a pressure reducing valve includes a valve body defining a defining a flow path and a restricting element within the flow path. A sensing element is configured to modify a position of the restricting element in the flow path. The sensing element defines a first area in fluid communication with the flow path and a second area fluidly isolated from the flow path. The pressure reducing valve includes control circuitry configured to determine a differential pressure over a section of the flow path, determine a position of the restricting element, and determine a flow rate based on the differential pressure and the position of the restricting element.

A connection system, in particular for a pressure reducer of a diving regulator, the system comprising a connector (1) having a first end (2) adapted to be fastened to a pressure reducer and a second end (2′) adapted to be fastened to a valve of a compressed air cylinder, said connector (1) having an internal passage (4) extending substantially axially between said first and second ends, said internal passage (4) including a filter (5), preferably made of sintered stainless steel, and a retaining member (6a; 6b; 6c; 6c′; 6d; 6e) fastened to said second end (2′) and supporting firstly said filter (5) and secondly a main O-ring (7; 9e), said retaining member (6a; 6b; 6c; 6c′; 6d; 6e) forming an inlet opening, said system including a shutter device comprising a shutter member (9a; 9b; 9c: 9c′; 9d; 9e) that is deformable and/or movable between a shut position in which it shuts said inlet opening, and an open position in which it does not shut said inlet opening, said shutter member (9a; 9b; 9c: 9c′; 9d; 9e) being urged resiliently towards its shut position and being deformed and/or shifted towards its open position by compressed air coming from said compressed air cylinder, said shutter member (9a; 9b; 9c: 9c′; 9d; 9e) being deformed and/or shifted towards its open position in a direction extending substantially transversely relative to the flow direction of the compressed air stream.

In some examples, a pressure reducing valve includes a valve body defining a defining a flow path and a restricting element within the flow path. A sensing element is configured to modify a position of the restricting element in the flow path. A pressure chamber is configured to transmit a force to the sensing element based on the pressure of a fluid within the pressure chamber. An energy accumulator is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber. The pressure reducing valve includes control circuitry configured to enable a fluid to flow into or discharge from the pressure chamber to alter the pressure in the pressure chamber.

In some examples, a pressure reducing valve includes a valve body defining a defining a flow path and a restricting element within the flow path. A sensing element is configured to modify a position of the restricting element in the flow path. The sensing element defines a first area in fluid communication with the flow path and a second area fluidly isolated from the flow path. The pressure reducing valve includes control circuitry configured to determine a differential pressure over a section of the flow path, determine a position of the restricting element, and determine a flow rate based on the differential pressure and the position of the restricting element.

In one set of embodiments a selected section of tubular stock has its ends welded together to form a pillow-like pressure sensing device with an entry tube and an exit tube each configured to facilitate insertion of the pressure sensing device into the flow path of IV infusate in an IV administration set or system. Fluid pressure in excess of a predetermined amount reconfigures the pressure sensing device from a generally oval configuration to a generally circular configuration to restrict and/or cut off fluid flow into the device while permitting fluid flow from the device to reduce the fluid pressure again reconfiguring the device back to its generally oval configuration and permitting fluid flow into and through the device. In other embodiments a fluid pressure sensing device is formed with a fluid entry chamber and a fluid exit chamber interconnected by a passageway and provided with a piston that reacts to an increase in fluid pressure above a predetermined amount to close off the interconnection between the chambers and fluid flow into the exit chamber. Continued fluid flow from the eit chamber results in a reduction of fluid therein and reopening of the fluid passageway between the chambers.

A valve includes a cap, a diaphragm defining a movable portion, a valve housing, and a valve portion. An inlet port through which fluid flows into a valve chamber, an outlet port through which the fluid flows out from the valve chamber, and a placement portion on which a peripheral edge portion of the diaphragm is placed are provided in the valve housing. The diaphragm includes a peripheral edge portion, a center portion, a connecting portion connecting the peripheral edge portion and the center portion, and a pusher. The connecting portion has a wave shape from the peripheral edge portion side toward the center portion side such that the connecting portion first projects to a valve body portion side, and next projects to the cap side.

A self-operated regulator can be configured to control a stream of working fluid, such as of a processing plant. The self-operated regulator can include a control valve and a control actuator configured to receive supply energy for the provision of an operating force exclusively from the stream of working fluid and/or from the working fluid for operating the control valve. A magnetic field source can be coupled to the control valve such that the magnetic field source follows the movement of the control valve to determine the movement using, for example, a magnetic sensor. The position of the control valve can be detected based on the determined movement.

In some examples, a pressure reducing valve includes a valve body defining a defining a flow path and a restricting element within the flow path. A sensing element is configured to modify a position of the restricting element in the flow path. A pressure chamber is configured to transmit a force to the sensing element based on the pressure of a fluid within the pressure chamber. An energy accumulator is in fluid communication with the pressure chamber. The pressure reducing valve includes control circuitry configured to enable a fluid to flow into or discharge from the pressure chamber to alter the pressure in the pressure chamber.

Pressure-compensating emitter. The emitter includes an inlet connected to a source of pressurized water and an orifice in fluid communication with the inlet and extending into a channel including a raised land surrounding an outlet. A compliant membrane is positioned above the land in the chamber wherein pressurized water will cause the membrane to deform into contact with the land to alter flow through the outlet so as to provide a constant flow rate. Parameters of the emitter are selected so that the emitter has a large operating range and an activation pressure of 0.15 bar or below.

A dispensing system includes a container for a fluid substance having a hollow stem and dispensing means for feeding the pressurised substance thereto. A cap includes a base body including a first seat for coupling to the stem, the base body partially defining a conduit presenting a first end in fluid communication with the seat and a second end coupled with a spray nozzle. A pressure regulator regulates passage of the substance according to the pressure in the stem to reduce passage due to an increase in pressure in the cavity and increase the passage otherwise, in order to maintain an essentially constant pressure downstream of the regulator even in the presence of variable upstream pressure. A valve element on the conduit between the regulator and the nozzle may close the conduit when the pressure present inside the latter is below a predetermined threshold and open the conduit otherwise.