To provide an air vehicle configured to stabilize the power output of a fuel cell by securing the generated water discharge property of the fuel cell. An air vehicle, wherein the air vehicle comprises two or more fuel cells; wherein each fuel cell comprises an anode outlet manifold; and wherein each fuel cell is disposed in the air vehicle so that water discharge directions of the anode outlet manifolds are different from each other.

A toaster includes a housing having a slot for receiving a food item, a heating element associated with the slot for toasting the food item, a carriage assembly having a supporting rack movably mounted in the slot for supporting the food item within the slot, a first slider member connected to the supporting rack, and a second slider member operatively connected to the first slider member, a motor, and a driving member having a first end operatively connected to the motor and a second end received in a slot in the second slider member such that when the motor is driven to rotate the driving member, the driving member drives the supporting rack, via the first slider member and the second slider member, to slidably move within the slot.

An optical distance measurement apparatus includes a casing, a light emitting unit, a mirror, a rotating unit, a light receiving unit, a window portion, and a reference angle marker. The light emitting unit emits laser light. The mirror is arranged inside the casing and reflects the laser light that is emitted from the light emitting unit. The rotating unit rotates the mirror. The light receiving unit includes a light receiving element for receiving incident light. The window portion is provided in the casing and is for emitting the laser light that is reflected by the mirror outside the casing. The reference angle marker is provided in at least either of the casing and the window portion, and is detected by the light receiving unit based on a rotation angle of the mirror being a reference rotation angle that is prescribed in advance.

One aspect of the invention provides a computer-implemented method including: monitoring a current flow to a valve actuator; determining a previous position of the valve actuator; and determining a direction of movement of the valve actuator from the current flow and the determined previous position. Another aspect of the invention provides a control system including: memory; one or more processors; and a set of instructions stored in the memory that, when executed by the one or processors, cause the control system to perform a computer-implemented method as described herein.

A toaster includes a housing having a slot for receiving a food item, a heating element associated with the slot for toasting the food item, a carriage assembly having a supporting rack movably mounted in the slot for supporting the food item within the slot, a first slider member connected to the supporting rack, and a second slider member operatively connected to the first slider member, a motor, and a driving member having a first end operatively connected to the motor and a second end received in a slot in the second slider member such that when the motor is driven to rotate the driving member, the driving member drives the supporting rack, via the first slider member and the second slider member, to slidably move within the slot.

A controller apparatus for controlling IoT devices has a rotation disk, a rotation detection circuit, a control circuit, a wireless circuit, a circuit board and a housing. The rotation disk has a rotating shaft in an inner surface of the rotation disk for generating a rotation operation, where the rotation operation is either a clockwise rotation or a counterclockwise rotation. The rotation detection circuit is used for detecting the rotation operation of the rotating shaft. The control circuit retrieves the rotation operation from the rotation detection circuit, and generates a control instruction according to the rotation operation to the wireless circuit to control a corresponding external device.

A motor controller includes memory, and processing circuitry that controls a motor based on a position command and based on a position detection value corresponding to a detected position of the motor, calculates a tolerance position error in a successive manner based on the position command and based on a control parameter used to control the motor, calculates a position error maximum threshold that depends on the tolerance position error, detects an abnormality based on the position error maximum threshold, and triggers an indication when the abnormality is detected.

A gravity center adjustable device comprises a driving member, and two gravity center adjusting members. The driving member comprises a driving main body, two transmission shafts, and two gear wheels. Each gear wheel is coiled around a transmission shaft. Each gravity center adjusting member comprises a gravity center adjusting shaft, and two weight balls. The gravity center adjusting shaft comprises a rack shaft, teeth of the rack shaft are engaged with those of the gear wheel, thus when the gear wheel rotates, the rack shaft will move around along its own axial relative to the gear wheel. A gravity center self-adjusting device and an electronic device using the gravity center adjustable device are also provided.

Systems and methods according to one or more embodiments are provided for rate and position control modes used in the operations of a telescoping refueling boom system. In one example, a system includes a telescoping tube and an actuator coupled to the telescoping tube and configured to extend and/or retract the telescoping tube. A processor is coupled to the actuator and configured to select a telescoping tube rate control mode and/or a telescoping tube position control mode based on a telescoping tube current position error, a telescoping tube current rate of movement, and a value of a telescoping tube rate command.

Systems and methods according to one or more embodiments are provided for rate and position control modes used in the operations of a telescoping refueling boom system. In one example, a system includes a telescoping tube and an actuator coupled to the telescoping tube and configured to extend and/or retract the telescoping tube. A processor is coupled to the actuator and configured to select a telescoping tube rate control mode and/or a telescoping tube position control mode based on a telescoping tube current position error, a telescoping tube current rate of movement, and a value of a telescoping tube rate command.