Disclosed is a semiconductor device including an insulating layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode embedded in the insulating layer, an oxide semiconductor layer in contact with the insulating layer, the source electrode, and the drain electrode, a gate insulating layer covering the oxide semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode over the gate insulating layer. The upper surface of the surface of the insulating layer, which is in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer, has a root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of 1 nm or less. There is a difference in height between an upper surface of the insulating layer and each of an upper surface of the source electrode and an upper surface of the drain electrode. The difference in height is preferably 5 nm or more. This structure contributes to the suppression of defects of the semiconductor device and enables their miniaturization.

A graphic data processing system including at least one core for graphic data processing, having formatting means capable of interpreting in graphic form or as instructions the data exchanged via a human-machine interface, wherein said formatting means are distributed over one or more cores.

A microprocessor provides at least two storage areas and uses a datapath for Booth multiplication. According to a first and second field of a microinstruction, the datapath gets multiplicand number supply data from the first storage area and multiplier number supply data from the second storage area. The datapath operates according to a word length indicated in a third field of the microinstruction. The datapath gets multi-bit acquisitions for Booth multiplication from the multiplier number supply data. The datapath divides the multiplicand number supply data into multiplicand numbers according to the word length, and performs Booth multiplication on the multiplicand numbers based on the multi-bit acquisitions to get partial products. According to the word length, the datapath selects a part of the partial products to be shifted and added for generation of a plurality of products.

A microprocessor with dynamically adjustable bit width is provided, which has a bit width register, a datapath, a statistical register, and a bit width adjuster. The bit width register stores at least one bit width. The datapath operates according to the bit width stored in the bit width register to acquire input operands from received data and process input operands. The statistical register collects calculation results of the datapath. The bit width adjuster adjusts the bit width stored in the bit width register based on the calculation results collected in the statistical register.

A microprocessor with Booth multiplication, in which several acquisition registers are used. In a first word length, a first acquisition register stores an unsigned ending acquisition of a first multiplier number carried in multiplier number supply data, and a third acquisition register stores a starting acquisition of a second multiplier number carried in the multiplier number supply data. In a second word length that is longer than the first word length, a fourth acquisition register stores a middle acquisition of a third multiplier number carried in the multiplier number supply data. A partial product selection circuit is required for selection of a partial product, to get the partial product from Booth multiplication based on the third acquisition register (corresponding to the first word length) or based on the fourth acquisition register (corresponding to the second word length).

A microprocessor with Booth multiplication, in which several acquisition registers are used. In a first word length, a first acquisition register stores an unsigned ending acquisition of a first multiplier number carried in multiplier number supply data, and a third acquisition register stores a starting acquisition of a second multiplier number carried in the multiplier number supply data. In a second word length that is longer than the first word length, a fourth acquisition register stores a middle acquisition of a third multiplier number carried in the multiplier number supply data. A partial product selection circuit is required for selection of a partial product, to get the partial product from Booth multiplication based on the third acquisition register (corresponding to the first word length) or based on the fourth acquisition register (corresponding to the second word length).

A microprocessor for neural network computing having a mapping table, a microcode memory, and a microcode decoding finite-state machine (FSM) is disclosed. According to the mapping table, a macroinstruction is mapped to an address on the microcode memory. The microcode decoding FSM decodes contents which are retrieved from the microcode memory according to the address, to get microinstructions involving at least one microinstruction loop that is repeated to operate a datapath to complete the macroinstruction.

A microprocessor provides at least two storage areas and uses a datapath for Booth multiplication. According to a first and second field of a microinstruction, the datapath gets multiplicand number supply data from the first storage area and multiplier number supply data from the second storage area. The datapath operates according to a word length indicated in a third field of the microinstruction. The datapath gets multi-bit acquisitions for Booth multiplication from the multiplier number supply data. The datapath divides the multiplicand number supply data into multiplicand numbers according to the word length, and performs Booth multiplication on the multiplicand numbers based on the multi-bit acquisitions to get partial products. According to the word length, the datapath selects a part of the partial products to be shifted and added for generation of a plurality of products.

A microprocessor with dynamically adjustable bit width is provided, which has a bit width register, a datapath, a statistical register, and a bit width adjuster. The bit width register stores at least one bit width. The datapath operates according to the bit width stored in the bit width register to acquire input operands from received data and process input operands. The statistical register collects calculation results of the datapath. The bit width adjuster adjusts the bit width stored in the bit width register based on the calculation results collected in the statistical register.

The present disclosure relates to a multi-core chip, an integrated circuit device, a board card and a manufacturing method thereof, where the computing device of the present disclosure is included in an integrated circuit device, and the integrated circuit device includes a universal interconnection interface and other processing devices. The computing device interacts with other processing devices to jointly complete computing operations specified by the user. The integrated circuit device also includes a storage device, which is respectively connected to the computing device and other processing devices and is used for storing data of the computing device and other processing devices.