A reduced size optical code identifier includes a transparent body having a flat bottom surface with a rounded or domed top surface that meets the bottom surface around the perimeter of the bottom surface. An optical code is provided in the body adjacent the bottom surface and is visible through the top surface. The top surface is configured to reduce reflection to facilitate optical recognition and decoding of the optical code. The body has a maximum length or diameter of about twelve millimeters or less. The identifier can be placed on an object or structure and then used to associate information with the optical code of the identifier so that the information can be retrieved using a computing device that can optically recognize the code and communicate with a remote server.

The described device allows a user to set preference and receive the preferences by simply allowing a payment device to communicate with a preference reader.

A wearable computing device reads near-invisible one- or two-dimensional barcodes having a size of 100 microns to one millimeter. The device includes a magnifying lens, a digital camera, a processor, program memory and a wireless communication module, all supported on a wearable device body. The wearable device body may be an eyeglass frame, a watch body or wristband, a headband or sweatband or a cap or other headgear, among other possibilities. Applications of the wearable computing device include unattended shopping in a physical retail store.

Systems and methods are provided for decoding secure tags using an authentication server and secure tag reader. The system can include at least one processor and at least one non-transitory memory. The memory can contain instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the secure tag reader to perform operations. The operations can include detecting a potential secure tag in an image and generating a normalized secure tag image using the image and a stylesheet. The operations can further include providing an identification request to an authentication server, the identification request including the normalized secure tag image. The operations can additionally include receiving rules for decoding tag data encoded into the secure tag as tag feature options and decoding the tag data using the received rules.

Information is stored in an optical element in the form of a glass or plastic body embodied as spectacles lens, spectacles lens blank or spectacles lens semi-finished product. The information in the form of data is stored on or in the glass or plastic body by creating at least one marking with a marking system. The marking can be read by a reading apparatus. The marking system has an interface for reading information individualizing the optical element. The marking is created permanently by the marking system on or in the optical element at a definition point of a local body-specific coordinate system set by two points on or in the optical element. In this body coordinate system, the manufacturer specifies the position of the lens horizontal and/or the far and/or the near and/or the prism reference point.

A unique secured product identification method, system, and apparatus for product such as precious gemstones prevent counterfeiting by incorporating a marked product with fake identification (ID) mark or fake barcode. Authentication process requires at least two identifying data sets, an overt mark or overt data and covert data. The overt data may be a unique product identifier like a barcode. Covert data may be any additional data derived from the specific product. Additional data points come from a created data point not originally part of the product, or a unique data point already existing in the product but not existing in any other similar product. Product is authenticated when the combination of data sets compared to original data sets creates positive product identification. Authentication may be done with centralized, or de-centralized databases. A partially or non-automated method may be implemented, for example, where a barcode links to a database.

An electronic device comprising a semiconductor chip which comprises a plurality of structures formed in the semiconductor chip, wherein the semiconductor chip is a member of a set of semiconductor chips, the set of semiconductor chips comprises a plurality of subsets of semiconductor chips, and the semiconductor chip is a member of only one of the subsets. The plurality of structures of the semiconductor chip includes a set of common structures which is the same for all of the semiconductor chips of the set, and a set of non-common structures, wherein the non-common structures of the semiconductor chip of the subset is different from a non-common circuit of the semiconductor chips in every other subset. At least a first portion of the non-common structures and a first portion of the common structures form a first non-common circuit, wherein the first non-common circuit of the semiconductor chips of each subset is different from a non-common circuit of the semiconductor chips in every other subset. At least a second portion of the non-common structures is adapted to store or generate a first predetermined value which uniquely identifies the first non-common circuit, wherein the first predetermined value is readable from outside the semiconductor chip by automated reading means.

It is an object of the present invention to improve visibility for observation with naked eyes or for camera shooting without spoiling the appearance during marking inside a. transparent medium using a laser. By irradiating an inside of a transparent medium with a laser, the present invention forms a micro-denatured region in each of a first layer and a second layer inside the medium. The micro-denatured regions in the respective layers are arranged out of alignment with each other on a two-dimensional plane (refer to FIG. 1).

The present invention discloses a method for producing graphical indicators and interactive systems for utilizing the graphical indicators. On the surface of an object, visually negligible graphical indicators are provided. The graphical indicators and main information, i.e. text or pictures, co-exist on the surface of object. The graphical indicators do not interfere with the main information when the perception of human eyes are concerned. With the graphical indicators, further information other than the main information on the surface of object are carried. In addition to the main information on the surface of object, one is able to obtain additional information through an auxiliary electronic device or trigger an interactive operation.

Information is stored in an optical element in the form of a glass or plastic body embodied as spectacles lens, spectacles lens blank or spectacles lens semi-finished product. The information in the form of data is stored on or in the glass or plastic body by creating at least one marking with a marking system. The marking can be read by a reading apparatus. The marking system has an interface for reading information individualizing the optical element. The marking is created permanently by the marking system on or in the optical element at a definition point of a local body-specific coordinate system set by two points on or in the optical element. In this body coordinate system, the manufacturer specifies the position of the lens horizontal and/or the far and/or the near and/or the prism reference point.