A record (100) may include a disk (102), an embedded electronic authentication tag (104), a cover (106) between the disk and the electronic authentication tag, and one or more record labels (108A, 108B). The disk, electronic authentication tag, and cover have a spindle hole (114) and a common centerline (116). The electronic authentication tag contains a unique identification code pointing to information regarding the record stored as a non-fungible token. This information may be used to verify the authenticity and ownership of the record. A puck used to create the disk may include segments of different colors so that, when the record is pressed the different segments produce a visual pattern unique to that record. A picture may be taken after pressing, recorded, recorded as part of the information in the non-fungible token, and later used to verify the authenticity of the record.

Provided is an optical medium reproducing apparatus including: a detection unit that divides a luminous flux into a plurality of regions including a first region and a second region which are different in a position in a radial direction and/or a tangential direction, and combines a plurality of detection signals in correspondence with the amount of light that is incident to each of the plurality of regions with combination patterns which are selected to form signals of a plurality of channels; a multi-input equalizer unit that includes a plurality of equalizer units to which the signals of the plurality of channels are respectively supplied, computes outputs of the plurality of equalizer units, and outputs the resultant value as an equalization signal; and a binarization unit that performs binarization processing with respect to the equalization signal to obtain binary data. An addition signal channel including a constant multiplication of detection signals of the first region and the second region is included in at least one of the combination patterns.

A data storage device can transition a functional data storage medium into a read only data surface. Data can be written to a data storage medium with a data writer of a transducing head prior to a security threat being identified. A write head of the transducing head is deactivated in response to the security threat by selecting a permanent deactivation mechanism.

A data storage device can transition a functional data storage medium into a read only data surface. Data can be written to a data storage medium with a data writer of a transducing head prior to a security threat being identified. A write head of the transducing head is deactivated in response to the security threat by selecting a permanent deactivation mechanism.

A record (100) may include a disk (102), an embedded electronic authentication tag (104), a cover (106) between the disk and the electronic authentication tag, and one or more record labels (108A, 108B). The disk, electronic authentication tag, and cover have a spindle hole (114) and a common centerline (116). The electronic authentication tag contains a unique identification code pointing to information regarding the record stored as a non-fungible token. This information may be used to verify the authenticity and ownership of the record. A puck used to create the disk may include segments of different colors so that, when the record is pressed the different segments produce a visual pattern unique to that record. A picture may be taken after pressing, recorded, recorded as part of the information in the non-fungible token, and later used to verify the authenticity of the record.

A record (100) may include a disk (102), an embedded electronic authentication tag (104), a cover (106) between the disk and the electronic authentication tag, and one or more record labels (108A, 108B). The disk, electronic authentication tag, and cover have a spindle hole (114) and a common centerline (116). The electronic authentication tag contains a unique identification code pointing to information regarding the record stored as a non-fungible token. This information may be used to verify the authenticity and ownership of the record. A puck used to create the disk may include segments of different colors so that, when the record is pressed the different segments produce a visual pattern unique to that record. A picture may be taken after pressing, recorded, recorded as part of the information in the non-fungible token, and later used to verify the authenticity of the record.