An insulation useful in the field of building materials, refrigeration, cryogenics, and shipping. The insulation has reduced radiative heat transfer by applying coating to the insulation material in order to alter the emissivity, including the infrared electromagnetic spectrum.

A conductive composition including a conductive polymer (A), a water-soluble polymer (B) other than the conductive polymer (A), and a solvent (C), wherein a peak area ratio is 0.44 or less, which is determined based on results of analysis performed using a high performance liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer with respect to a test solution obtained by extracting the water-soluble polymer (B) from the conductive composition with n-butanol, and calculated by formula (I):

Area ratio=Y/(X+Y)

wherein X is a total peak area of an extracted ion chromatogram prepared with respect to ions derived from compounds having a molecular weight (M) of 600 or more from a total ion current chromatogram, Y is a total peak area of an extracted ion chromatogram prepared with respect to ions derived from compounds having a molecular weight (M) of less than 600 from the total ion current chromatogram.

Provided are a perovskite light emitting device containing an exciton buffer layer, and a method for manufacturing the same. The light emitting device of the present invention comprises: an exciton buffer layer in which a first electrode, a conductive layer disposed on the first electrode and comprising a conductive material, and a surface buffer layer containing fluorine-based material having lower surface energy than the conductive material are sequentially deposited; a light-emitting layer disposed on the exciton buffer layer and containing an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite light emitting body; and a second electrode disposed on the light-emitting layer. Accordingly, an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite is formed with a combined FCC and BSS crystal structure in a nanoparticle light-emitting body; the present invention forms a lamellar structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternatively deposited; and an exciton is bound by the inorganic plane, thereby being capable of expressing high color purity.

The application relates to a grounding conductor and an electrical system including such a grounding conductor including a plurality of conductive aluminium strands where each such strand is provided with at least one sheath of an electrically conductive polymer material having a volume resistivity (ρ) below 100 Ω.Math.cm.

A Polymer used as a treatment means, having an acid number greater than 100. The Polymer has a valent metal ion which is bonded to at least one reactive group. The characteristics of the Polymer include, conductivities of 4 S/cm to 200 S/cm or more, depending upon the concentration and nature of the metal bound. The conductivity proportional to the amount of metal bound, the ability of the Polymer to bind metals having a +1, +2, +3, +4, or +5 valence charge to the Polymer, and the ability to bind two or more different metals to separate binding sites on the Polymer.

Described herein are polymer formulations for facilitating electrical stimulation of nasal or sinus tissue. The polymer formulations may be hydrogels that are prepared by a UV cross-linking process. The hydrogels may be included as a component of nasal stimulator devices that electrically stimulate the lacrimal gland to improve tear production and treat dry eye. Additionally, devices and methods for manufacturing the nasal stimulators, including shaping of the hydrogel, are described herein.

A flexible secondary battery having flexibility, wherein the flexible secondary battery is constituted by a lithium ion secondary battery, and contains one or more kind of softening agent(s) selected from acrylic-based polymers and diene-based polymers in an active substance layer of at least one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the lithium ion secondary battery has an internal depressurization degree of from 10 to 1,000 Pa, is constituted.

A polymer compound having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 500,000, and contains one or more repeating units represented by formula (1) and one or more repeating units represented by formula (2): ##STR00001## R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Rf.sub.1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, and has at least one fluorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group in Rf.sub.1; Z.sub.1 represents a single bond, an arylene group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or —C(═O)—O—R.sup.2—; R.sup.2 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkylene group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an arylene group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and may have an ether group, a carbonyl group or an ester group in R.sup.2; and “a” is 0<a≤1.0, and ##STR00002## “b” is 0<b<1.0.

Provided are a perovskite optoelectronic device containing an exciton buffer layer, and a method for manufacturing the same. The optoelectronic device of the present invention comprises: an exciton buffer layer in which a first electrode, a conductive layer disposed on the first electrode and comprising a conductive material, and a surface buffer layer containing fluorine-based material having lower surface energy than the conductive material are sequentially deposited; a photoactive layer disposed on the exciton buffer layer and containing a perovskite photoactive layer; and a second electrode disposed on the photoactive layer. Accordingly, a perovskite is formed with a combined FCC and BSS crystal structure in a nanoparticle photoactive layer. The present invention can also form a lamellar or layered structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternatively deposited; and an exciton can be bound by the inorganic plane, thereby being capable of expressing high color purity.

The invention relates to a photodiode, like an photovoltaic (OPV) cell or photodetector (OPD), comprising, between the photoactive layer and an electrode, a hole selective layer (HSL) for modifying the work function of the electrode and/or the photoactive layer, wherein the HSL comprises a fluoropolymer and optionally a conductive polymer, and to a composition comprising such a fluoropolymer and a conductive polymer.