Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided for calibrating a heater used to heat an adjustable resistance network during a trimming procedure. In one example, a circuit is provided that includes an adjustable resistance network including first resistance segments; a heater element thermally coupled to the adjustable resistance network; a calibration resistor including second resistance segments thermally coupled to the first resistance segments; and interface circuitry coupled to the calibration resistor.

A chip part is provided that includes a substrate in which an element region and an electrode region are set, an insulating film (a first insulating film and a second insulating film) which is formed on the substrate and which selectively includes an internal concave/convex structure in the electrode region on a surface, a first connection electrode and a second connection electrode which include, at a bottom portion, an anchor portion entering the concave portion of the internal concave/convex structure and which include an external concave/convex structure on a surface on the opposite side and a circuit element which is disposed in the element region and which is electrically connected to the first connection electrode and the second connection electrode.

An electrical isolation device including a support with thickness E including two faces facing one another, referred to, respectively, as the two faces having a length L, a width l; on each face of the support, a plurality of voltage dividers is positioned extending over the length, each voltage divider including electrical components that are connected in series and arranged according to a first and a second stage, each first stage including a row of even components and a row of odd components, the rows being parallel, and adjacent, and the second stage corresponding to a linear arrangement of components.

A surge protective device (SPD) assembly includes a base and an SPD module configured to be mounted on the base. The SPD module includes an SPD module PCB, an SPD module circuit, and a thermal disconnector mechanism. The SPD module circuit is at least partly embodied in the SPD module PCB and includes an overvoltage protection component mounted on the SPD module PCB. The thermal disconnector mechanism is mounted on the SPD module PCB in a ready configuration. The thermal disconnector mechanism is operative to transition from the ready configuration to an actuated configuration responsive to sufficient overheating of the overvoltage protection component. When the thermal disconnector mechanism is positioned in the ready configuration, the SPD circuit forms a first current path through the overvoltage protection component. When the thermal disconnector mechanism is positioned in the actuated configuration, the thermal disconnector mechanism forms an alternate second current path that bypasses the overvoltage protection component.

An object is to provide a shunt resistor module that is reduced in size, can handle a large current, and can accurately detect current. A shunt resistor module of the present invention includes: a shunt resistor that includes a plurality of resistor bodies having a columnar shape, and electrodes that are located at both ends of each of the plurality of resistor bodies; and a circuit board that includes a plurality of through-holes that can house the plurality of resistor bodies, and a plurality of voltage detection terminals that detects a voltage between the electrodes of the shunt resistor that has been inserted into the plurality of through-holes, and each of the plurality of voltage detection terminals is collected near a center of gravity of the shunt resistor.

An object is to provide a shunt resistor module that is reduced in size, can handle a large current, and can accurately detect current. A shunt resistor module of the present invention includes: a shunt resistor that includes a plurality of resistor bodies having a columnar shape, and electrodes that are located at both ends of each of the plurality of resistor bodies; and a circuit board that includes a plurality of through-holes that can house the plurality of resistor bodies, and a plurality of voltage detection terminals that detects a voltage between the electrodes of the shunt resistor that has been inserted into the plurality of through-holes, and each of the plurality of voltage detection terminals is collected near a center of gravity of the shunt resistor.

A trimmable resistor circuit and a method for operating the trimmable resistor circuit are provided. The trimmable resistor circuit includes first sources/drains and first gate structures alternatively arranged in a first row, second sources/drains and second gate structures alternatively arranged in a second row, third sources/drains and third gate structures alternatively arranged in a third row, first resistors disposed between the first row and the second row, and second resistors disposed between the second row and the third row. In the method for operating the trimmable resistor circuit, the first gate structures in the first row and the third gate structures in the third row are turned on. Then, the second gate structures in the second row are turned on/off according to a predetermined resistance value.

A trimmable resistor circuit and a method for operating the trimmable resistor circuit are provided. The trimmable resistor circuit includes first sources/drains and first gate structures alternatively arranged in a first row, second sources/drains and second gate structures alternatively arranged in a second row, third sources/drains and third gate structures alternatively arranged in a third row, first resistors disposed between the first row and the second row, and second resistors disposed between the second row and the third row. In the method for operating the trimmable resistor circuit, the first gate structures in the first row and the third gate structures in the third row are turned on. Then, the second gate structures in the second row are turned on/off according to a predetermined resistance value.

A sulfurization detection resistor includes: a rectangle-shaped insulating substrate; pair of front electrodes formed at both ends facing each other on a surface of the insulating substrate; plurality of sulfurization detection conductors arranged in parallel between the paired front electrodes; plurality of resistors connected between the ends of each of the sulfurization detection conductors and the paired front electrodes; and sulfide gas impermeable protective film that covers all of the resistors and some of the sulfurization detection conductors, wherein each of the sulfurization detection conductors has a sulfurization detection unit exposed from a window hole in the protective film; and by covering the sulfurization detection units with different types of sulfurization rate adjustment layers formed of an acrylic resin, a silicon resin, and the like, timing of disconnection is set so as to vary in response to a cumulative amount of sulfurization in each of the sulfurization detection units.

The invention relates to a converter assembly comprising a DC voltage intermediate circuit (1) for providing a DC voltage V.sub.DC, comprising a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and at least one machine converter (2) for converting the DC voltage V.sub.DC into a multi-phase AC voltage, wherein at least one energy storage capacitor (3, 3′) is arranged in the DC voltage intermediate circuit (1), and wherein a frequency-dependent resistor (4) which has a higher electrical resistance at high frequencies than at low frequencies is arranged in series with the energy storage capacitor (3, 3′).