A method, apparatus and components thereof enable selective or differentiated manipulation of at least one of a plurality of particles located in a region of space via magnetic field generation and variation.

A method of designing at least one coil for producing a magnetic field is disclosed. The method comprises: i) setting a performance target comprising: a target magnetic field, and at least two of a target power, a target resistance, a target size and/or weight, a target supply voltage or current, and a target inductance; ii) determining initial design parameters for the at least one coil; iii) modelling performance with the current design parameters to determine a simulated performance against each of the performance targets; iv) calculating a penalty function based on the difference between the simulated performance and the performance targets; v) modifying the design parameters in order to reduce the penalty function; vi) iterating steps iii) to v) until the penalty function or simulated performance has met an acceptance condition.

A magnetization purifying device is provided. At least one or more accommodation spaces formed inside a housing unit along a preset depth or a width status are formed for accommodating a preset amount of magnetization purifying devices having corresponding status, a covering unit having an outwardly-extended engaging segment is provided and capable of being rotated for being matched with an opening formed at one end of the housing unit, another end of the housing unit capable of accommodating the magnetization purifying devices is formed with a recessed engaging segment, so that the magnetization purifying device can perform a predetermined rapid circulating magnetic force line cutting operation to introduced water or air, thereby enabling the water or air fully magnetized and discharged to be provided with anticipated pure oxygen and negative ions, thus the dissolved oxygen in water in a predetermined route, for example an aquaculture pond, can be increased.

The method for manufacturing the Halbach magnet array includes the steps of: (a) magnetizing at least two first magnetic material pieces in a direction parallel to a first direction, and (b) magnetizing at least one second magnetic material piece in a direction parallel to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, in this order. In the step (a), the first magnetic material pieces and the second magnetic material piece are alternately arranged in the second direction with the first magnetic material pieces being each adhered to the adjacent second magnetic material piece, and the magnetization is performed under a condition in which a residual magnetization ratio r1 of the first magnetic material pieces is higher than a residual magnetization ratio r2 of the second magnetic material piece.

A plasma vapor deposition (PVD) chamber used for depositing material includes an apparatus for influencing ion trajectories during deposition in an edge region of a substrate. The apparatus includes a reflector assembly that surrounds a substrate support and is configured to reflect heat to the substrate during reflowing of material deposited on the substrate and a plurality of permanent magnets embedded in the reflector assembly that are configured to influence ion trajectories on the edge region of the substrate during deposition processes, the plurality of permanent magnets are spaced symmetrically around the reflector assembly.

A magnet system for use in a nuclear magnetic resonance (“NMR”) apparatus includes a first magnet and a second magnet located on a backplane to form a gap therebetween, wherein the first magnet and the second magnet are each shaped to form trapezoidal prisms with dimensions selected to optimize a magnetic field at a target region in space external to the magnet system.

Magnet design is provided. A method customizes a magnetic field uniformity of a magnet by introducing one or more gaps between pieces of the magnet assembly.

Systems, methods, and apparatus for secondary windings to modify a permanent magnet (PM) field of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) are disclosed. In one or more embodiments, a disclosed system for a PMSG comprises a permanent magnet (PM) of the PMSG to rotate and to generate a permanent magnet field. The system further comprises a plurality of stator primary windings (SPW), of the PMSG, to generate primary currents from the permanent magnet field. Further, the system comprises a plurality of stator secondary windings (SSW), of the PMSG, to draw secondary currents from a power source, and to generate a stator secondary winding magnetic field from the secondary currents. In one or more embodiments, the permanent magnet field and the stator secondary winding magnetic field together create an overall magnetic field for the PMSG.

A Halbach-based magnetic position sensor includes a Halbach magnetic element having a spatially rotating magnetization pattern along an extent, producing a focused and augmented magnetic field on a working side relative to a magnetic field on a non-working side. A sensing element on the working side is co-configured with the Halbach magnetic element for relative motion therebetween. The sensing element includes encoder circuitry and magnetic sensors that sense the working-side magnetic field and produce corresponding sensor signals. The encoder circuitry translates the sensor signals into position signals indicating relative position between the sensing element and the Halbach magnetic element. In one example the Halbach magnetic element has a closed curve (e.g., substantially circular or ring-like) configuration.

A system of electron irradiation includes an electron accelerator and an electron beam focusing device. The electron accelerator emits and accelerates a beam of electrons. The electron beam focusing device is located at a rear end of the electron irradiation and includes a beam restraining rail and 2n+1 sets of magnetic poles. The beam restraining rail forms a beam restraining channel through which the beam of electrons are to pass. The 2n+1 sets of magnetic poles are installed on the beam restraining rail and distributed at different locations of the beam restraining channel. An nth set of magnetic poles thereof are arranged for performing, on the beam of electrons, focusing in a first direction. An (n+1)th set of magnetic poles thereof are arranged for performing, on the beam of electrons, focusing in a second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. The n is a positive integer.