To provide a secondary battery in which a side reaction does not easily occur at an interface between a positive electrode active material and a solid electrolyte, an interface between the positive electrode active material and a positive electrode current collector, or the like even when charge and discharge are repeated. In one embodiment of the present invention, a buffer layer or a protective layer is provided on a current collector surface or between a current collector layer and an active material layer to prevent deterioration such as oxidation of the current collector. As the buffer layer or the protective layer, it is possible to use a titanium compound such as titanium oxide, titanium oxide in which nitrogen is substituted for part of oxygen, titanium nitride, titanium nitride in which oxygen is substituted for part of nitrogen, or titanium oxynitride (TiO.sub.xN.sub.y, where 0<x<2 and 0<y<1). Titanium nitride is particularly preferable because it has high conductivity and has a high capability of inhibiting oxidation.

Electrically-conductive articles are provided that include a current collector having a conductive coating. The current collector has nanoporous structure, such as that from etched metal, and a carbon coating in contact with the current collector. The carbon coating is free of binder. In some embodiments, the current collector includes etched aluminum. The provided electrically-conductive articles can be electrochemical capacitors or lithium-ion electrochemical cells.

Disclosed herein are a multilayer electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the same. The multilayer electrode includes an electrode current collector for transmitting electrons between an external wire and an electrode active material and three or more electrode mixture layers sequentially applied to the electrode current collector, wherein each of the electrode mixture layers includes an electrode active material and a conducting agent, and wherein the content of the conducting agent of one of adjacent electrode mixture layers that is relatively close to the current collector in the direction in which the electrode mixture layers are formed is higher than that of the conducting agent of the other of the adjacent electrode mixture layers that is relatively distant from the current collector.

An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum plate which is excellent in terms of both step suitability and working characteristics and a collector for a storage device using the same. The aluminum plate of the present invention is an aluminum plate having a plurality of through-holes formed in a thickness direction, in which a thickness of the aluminum plate is 40 μm or less, an average opening diameter of the through-holes is 0.1 to 100 μm, an average opening ratio by the through-holes is 2% to 30%, a content of Fe is 0.03% by mass or more, and a ratio of the content of Fe to a content of Si is 1.0 or more.

An electrical double layer capacitor having electrolyte-containing layer between a first polarizable electrode layer and a second polarizable electrode layer. An insulating adhesive portion adheres to a first current collector and a second current collector which at least partially face each other with the electrolyte-containing layer interposed therebetween. The insulating adhesive portion 15 extends around the first and second polarizable electrode layers and the electrolyte-containing layer. A thickness of the electrolyte-containing layer is larger than a difference between a thickness of the insulating adhesive portion and thicknesses of the first and second polarizable electrode layers.

An electrical double layer capacitor having electrolyte-containing layer between a first polarizable electrode layer and a second polarizable electrode layer. An insulating adhesive portion adheres to a first current collector and a second current collector which at least partially face each other with the electrolyte-containing layer interposed therebetween. The insulating adhesive portion 15 extends around the first and second polarizable electrode layers and the electrolyte-containing layer. A thickness of the electrolyte-containing layer is larger than a difference between a thickness of the insulating adhesive portion and thicknesses of the first and second polarizable electrode layers.

A laminated power storage device that includes a first end portion of a first current collector extends to an inside of an insulating adhesive portion relative to a first polarizable electrode layer, and a second end portion of a second current collector extends to an inside of the insulating adhesive portion relative to a second polarizable electrode layer.

A laminated power storage device that includes a first end portion of a first current collector extends to an inside of an insulating adhesive portion relative to a first polarizable electrode layer, and a second end portion of a second current collector extends to an inside of the insulating adhesive portion relative to a second polarizable electrode layer.

A method for fabricating an electrode includes: determining a thickness of an active layer; selecting lithium (Li) foil having a specified thickness; determining widths of one or more Li strips based on an active layer to Li layer weight ratio or volume ratio; laminating the active layer onto a conductive substrate; forming one or more grooves in the active layer exposing a bare surface of the conductive substrate; and pressing the one or more Li strips into the one or more grooves, wherein widths of the one or more grooves are slightly larger than the widths of the Li strips.

Electrodes are formed with a porous layer of particulate electrode material bonded to each of the two major sides of a compatible metal current collector. In one embodiment, opposing electrodes are formed with like lithium-ion battery anode materials or like cathode materials or capacitor materials on both sides of the current collector. In another embodiment, a battery electrode material is applied to one side of a current collector and capacitor material is applied to the other side. In general, the electrodes are formed by combining a suitable grouping of capacitor layers with un-equal numbers of anode and cathode battery layers. One or more pairs of opposing electrodes are assembled to provide a combination of battery and capacitor energy and power properties in a hybrid electrochemical cell. The cells may be formed by stacking or winding rolls of the opposing electrodes with interposed separators.