A doped electrode may be manufactured by doping an active material included in an electrode with an alkali metal in a dope solution containing a first aprotic solvent and an alkali metal salt. The doped electrode may be cleaned with a cleaning solution containing a second aprotic solvent that has a boiling point lower than that of the first aprotic solvent. The cleaning solution may be controlled such that a content ratio of the first aprotic solvent in the cleaning solution is 8 vol % or lower.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a lithium-nickel composite oxide of a layered rock-salt type.

A secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a lithium-nickel composite oxide of a layered rock-salt type.

A miniature electrochemical cell having a volume of less than 0.5 cc is described. The cell has a casing of first and second ceramic substrates that are hermetically secured to each other to provide an internal space housing an electrode assembly. First and second conductive pathways extend through the ceramic substrates. The pathways have respective inner surfaces that are conductively connected to the respective anode and cathode current collectors and respective outer surfaces that provide for connection to a load. An electrolyte in the internal space of the housing activates the electrode assembly.

A doping system is configured to dope an active material included in an electrode with an alkali metal. The doping system includes a doping bath, a conveyor unit, a connection unit, and a drying unit. The doping bath is configured to store a solution containing alkali metal ion and a counter electrode unit. The conveyor unit is configured to convey the electrode along a path that passes through the doping bath. The connection unit includes an electrically conductive electric power supply roller that contacts the electrode, and is configured to couple the electrode to the counter electrode unit. The drying unit is configured to spray a gas onto the electrode that passes through the doping bath and is being conveyed to the electric power supply roller.

To improve the reliability of a power storage device. A granular active material including carbon is used, and a net-like structure is formed on part of a surface of the granular active material. In the net-like structure, a carbon atom included in the granular active material is bonded to a silicon atom or a metal atom through an oxygen atom. Formation of the net-like structure suppresses reductive decomposition of an electrolyte solution, leading to a reduction in irreversible capacity. A power storage device using the above active material has high cycle performance and high reliability.

To improve the reliability of a power storage device. A granular active material including carbon is used, and a net-like structure is formed on part of a surface of the granular active material. In the net-like structure, a carbon atom included in the granular active material is bonded to a silicon atom or a metal atom through an oxygen atom. Formation of the net-like structure suppresses reductive decomposition of an electrolyte solution, leading to a reduction in irreversible capacity. A power storage device using the above active material has high cycle performance and high reliability.

Disclosed herein are a multilayer electrode and a lithium secondary battery including the same. The multilayer electrode includes an electrode current collector for transmitting electrons between an external wire and an electrode active material and three or more electrode mixture layers sequentially applied to the electrode current collector, wherein each of the electrode mixture layers includes an electrode active material and a conducting agent, and wherein the content of the conducting agent of one of adjacent electrode mixture layers that is relatively close to the current collector in the direction in which the electrode mixture layers are formed is higher than that of the conducting agent of the other of the adjacent electrode mixture layers that is relatively distant from the current collector.

Provided are a nonaqueous electrolyte capable of providing a nonaqueous electrolyte energy storage device with reduced direct current resistance and an increased capacity retention ratio after charge-discharge cycles, a nonaqueous electrolyte energy storage device including such a nonaqueous electrolyte, and a method for producing such a nonaqueous electrolyte energy storage device. One mode of the present invention is a nonaqueous electrolyte for an energy storage device, containing an additive represented by the following Formula (1) or Formula (2). In Formula (1), R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a group represented by —NR.sup.a.sub.2, —OR.sup.a, —SR.sup.a, etc., with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 is a group represented by —OR.sup.a, —SR.sup.a, —COOR.sup.a, —COR.sup.a, —SO.sub.2R.sup.a, or —SO.sub.3R.sup.a. In Formula (2), R.sup.5 to R.sup.7 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a group represented by —NR.sup.b.sub.2, —OR.sup.b, or —SR.sup.b, with the proviso that at least one of R.sup.5 to R.sup.7 is a group represented by —SR.sup.b. ##STR00001##

A method for fabricating an electrode includes: determining a thickness of an active layer; selecting lithium (Li) foil having a specified thickness; determining widths of one or more Li strips based on an active layer to Li layer weight ratio or volume ratio; laminating the active layer onto a conductive substrate; forming one or more grooves in the active layer exposing a bare surface of the conductive substrate; and pressing the one or more Li strips into the one or more grooves, wherein widths of the one or more grooves are slightly larger than the widths of the Li strips.