A converter for generating photons from an electron beam is provided. The converter may include a plurality of converter plates (i) positioned perpendicular to an axis and (ii) arranged sequentially in a direction along the axis from a first converter plate of the plurality of converter plates to a last converter plate of the plurality of converter plates. The first converter plate may be configured to receive an electron beam traveling in the direction along the axis. Further, the first converter plate may have a thickness smaller than a thickness of the last converter plate, wherein a thickness of a particular converter plate is measured along the axis.

An X-ray generator capable of reliably reducing an X-ray focal spot size without depending on the focal spot size of an electron beam on a target. Providing, within the irradiation range of an electron beam B of a target laminated structure 3 comprising a target 2 and an X-ray irradiation window 1, a low X-ray absorptivity region 3a of localized low X-ray absorptivity in the irradiation direction of the electron beam B results in the suppression of emission to the outside of X-rays from among the X-rays generated as a result of the irradiation of the electron beam B onto the target 2 that are from regions other than the low X-ray absorptivity region 3a, and an X-ray focal spot of a size corresponding to the size of the low X-ray absorptivity region 3a is obtained regardless of the size of the irradiation region of the electron beam B.

The present disclosure provides a device and an equipment for radiation ray generation. The device may include: a radiation target assembly configured to generate radiation rays under irradiation of an electron beam with a predetermined energy; and a heat dissipation assembly arranged on a back surface of the radiation target assembly, wherein a range of a thickness of the target assembly may be determined based on a peak of energy deposition of a target material of the radiation target assembly under the irradiation of the electron beam with the predetermined energy.

An X-ray tube with an anode assembly and specially designed heat transfer element is described. The anode assembly includes an X-ray producing target and a substantially cylindrical electrode that stops or inhibits electrons that may back-scatter from the target. At least one heat transfer element is positioned proximate the anode assembly and in the region between a conducting enclosure and a non-conducting hollow housing or tube. The heat transfer element is positioned to thermally couple the hot anode assembly to an air-cooled conducting enclosure while maintaining an electric isolation.

A monolithic housing for an x-ray source can wrap at least partially around a power supply and an x-ray tube. The monolithic housing can include Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Si, Sr, Zn, or combinations thereof. Mg can be a major component of the monolithic housing. The monolithic housing can be formed by injection molding. The monolithic housing can provide one or more of the following advantages: (a) light weight (for easier transport), (b) high electrical conductivity (to protect the user from electrical shock), (c) high thermal conductivity (to remove heat generated during use), (d) corrosion resistance, (e) high strength, and (f) high electromagnetic interference shielding (to shield power supply components from external noise, to shield other electronic components from power supply noise, or both).

X-ray transparent insulation can be sandwiched between an x-ray window and a ground plate. The x-ray transparent insulation can include aluminum nitride, boron nitride, or polyetherimide. The x-ray transparent insulation can include a curved side. The x-ray transparent insulation can be transparent to x-rays and resistant to x-ray damage, and can have high thermal conductivity. An x-ray window can have high thermal conductivity, high electrical conductivity, high melting point, low cost, and matched coefficient of thermal conductivity with the anode. The x-ray window can be made of tungsten. For consistent x-ray spot size and location, a focusing plate and a filament can be attached to a cathode with an open channel of the focusing plate aligned with a longitudinal dimension of the filament. Tabs of the focusing plate bordering the open channel can be bent to align with a location of the filament.

A method and a device for determining the material properties of a polycrystalline, in particular metallic, product during production or quality control of the polycrystalline, in particular metallic, product by means of X-ray diffraction using at least one X-ray source and at least one X-ray detector. In this case, an X-ray generated by the X-ray source is directed onto a surface of the polycrystalline product and the resulting diffraction image of the X-ray is recorded by the X-ray detector. After exiting the X-ray source, the X-ray is passed through an X-ray mirror, wherein the X-ray is both monochromatized and focused, by the X-ray mirror, in the direction of the polycrystalline product and/or the X-ray detector, and then reaches a surface of the metallic product.

An X-ray generation device includes: an electron gun that emits an electron beam; a target portion in which a plurality of elongated targets that generate an X-ray because of incidence of the electron beam are disposed parallel to each other; a housing that accommodates the electron gun and the target portion; and an X-ray emission window provided in the housing to emit the X-ray generated in the target portion, to an outside of the housing. The targets are disposed on the target portion to face the electron gun at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to an emission axis of the electron beam. The X-ray emission window is disposed at a position where the X-ray generated in a direction perpendicular to the target portion is transmittable through the X-ray emission window, to face the target portion at a predetermined inclination angle.

The X-ray analysis apparatus contains an X-ray generation unit. The X-ray generation unit includes a target plate having a target that is irradiated with an electron beam from an electron beam source and generates X-rays, X-ray convergence optics that converges X-rays generated from the target in conjunction with a movement of the target plate, and a driving unit that changes a position of the target plate or the X-ray convergence optics relative to the electron beam source.

The invention relates to an X-ray source (10) comprising at least one waveguide (30) for X-ray radiation, wherein the at least one waveguide (30) has a core (32) and a casing (40) surrounding the core (32), and wherein at least one part of the waveguide (30) is designed to emit X-ray radiation (50), if the part of the waveguide (30) is bombarded with electrons (52). The invention also relates to a system for generating X-ray radiation comprising an X-ray source of this type, and a method for generating X-ray radiation by means of an X-ray source of this type or a system of this type.