A sodium-ion battery comprising a biochar-based anode layer, an NaNiO.sub.2 cathode layer, and an metakaolin solid electrolyte pellets layer.

A molten sodium battery includes molten sodium making an anode active material, a cathode active material, a sodium container accommodating the molten sodium therein, a partition wall including an anode chamber in an interior thereof, and a cathode container air-tightly accommodating the cathode active material and the partition wall therein. The molten sodium battery further includes the cathode container including a joint having an Opening communicating an inside of the cathode container with an outside thereof, and the partition wall containing a partition-wall body within the cathode container having a plate shape which contains the anode chamber at around central site thereof in a thickness direction, and a through bore connecting the anode chamber with an outside of the anode chamber, and a head fitted into the opening in the joint and bonded integrally with the partition-wall body which is communicated with the anode chamber by the through bore.

A device for storing electrical energy is disclosed. The device includes an electrochemical cell having a cathode chamber for holding a liquid cathode material and an anode chamber for holding a liquid anode material. The cathode and anode chambers are separated by a solid electrolyte, wherein the solid electrolyte is surrounded by a planar construction having openings, through which the cathode material can flow. The planar construction is made of an electrically conductive material. The cathode chamber includes at least one segment, wherein each segment has a jacket composed of an electrically conductive material and the jacket is fastened to the planar construction having openings in a fluid-tight and electrically conductive manner and wherein each segment is filled with a porous felt or a porous material different from porous felt. A method for assembling and starting up the device and a method for operating the device is also disclosed.

A sodium-ion battery comprising a biochar-based anode layer, an NaNiO.sub.2 cathode layer, and an metakaolin solid electrolyte pellets layer.

A sodium-ion battery comprising a biochar-based anode layer, an NaNiO.sub.2 cathode layer, and an metakaolin solid electrolyte pellets layer.

A battery includes negative electrode material and positive electrode material where the materials are in a solid phase except for selected portions that are heated to transform the selected portions into a fluid. The fluid portion of negative electrode material is directed to a negative electrode region of a reaction chamber and the fluid portion of positive electrode material is directed to a positive electrode region of the reaction chamber where a solid electrolyte containing ions of the negative electrode separates the positive electrode region from the negative electrode region.

A sodium-sulfur battery includes a partition wall formed of a solid electrolyte, a cathode chamber formed on one of opposite sides of the partition wall, an anode chamber formed on another one of the opposite sides of the partition wall, sulfur accommodated in the cathode chamber, sodium some of which is accommodated in the anode chamber, a sodium container accommodating most of remaining sodium, and a communication passage communicating the anode chamber with the sodium container, and including a finely-perforated portion extending into the sodium container and opening inside the sodium container. Moreover, the communication passage further includes a shutoff portion for closing the communication passage itself.

A battery includes negative electrode material and positive electrode material where the materials are in a solid phase except for selected portions that are heated to transform the selected portions into a fluid. The fluid portion of negative electrode material is directed to a negative electrode region of a reaction chamber and the fluid portion of positive electrode material is directed to a positive electrode region of the reaction chamber where a solid electrolyte containing ions of the negative electrode separates the positive electrode region from the negative electrode region.

A sodium-ion battery comprising a biochar-based anode layer, an NaNiO.sub.2 cathode layer, and an metakaolin solid electrolyte pellets layer.

An object is to provide a plate-like partitioning wall allowing permeation of sodium ions therethrough and having high safety and durability.

A plate-like partitioning wall 2 of the present invention is formed from a solid electrolyte allowing permeation of sodium ions therethrough. The plate-like partitioning wall 2 has a plate-like shape having, in a center part in the thickness direction thereof, a negative electrode chamber 20 to which molten sodium is supplied. This negative electrode chamber 20 is formed as a foil-like space extending in two-dimensional directions or as a pore-like space extending in two-dimensional directions in a net-like shape.

The negative electrode chamber 20 of this plate-like partitioning wall 2 is formed as a thin foil-like space or as a fine pore-like space, and thus, the amount of molten sodium stored therein is very small. Therefore, even when this plate-like partitioning wall 2 is broken and reaction with molten sulfur occurs, the amount of heat generation is small, ignition is not caused, and thus, safety is high.

The burn-out pattern and the organic matter powder forming the negative electrode chamber may also be those that are thin or fine. Thus, a small crack or the like is less likely to occur in the compacted body, and durability of the plate-like partitioning wall is high and manufacture thereof is facilitated.