A method of diagnosing malfunctioning of a bypass diode in a solar photovoltaic battery system is provided. The method may include: collecting solar photovoltaic battery operation information indicating a solar photovoltaic battery operation state, from a signal of a solar photovoltaic battery detection unit, while maximum power point tracking control is performed with the solar photovoltaic battery system in operation; and determining whether or not the bypass diodes based on the collected solar photovoltaic battery operation information.

Provided is a system including: a management unit configured to manage a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel, in which the management unit is configured to control the plurality of battery packs to cause the plurality of battery packs to be discharged alternately so that a discharge rate of each of the plurality of battery packs becomes higher than the discharge rate in a case of discharging all of the plurality of battery packs. The plurality of battery packs include a plurality of left-hand side battery packs and a plurality of right-hand side battery packs, and the management unit is configured to manage the plurality of battery packs to cause at least one of the plurality of battery packs in each of the plurality of left-hand side battery packs and the plurality of right-hand side battery packs to be discharged at a time in order.

Disclosed is a photovoltaic-electrochromic-battery all-in-one device in which the functions of a dye-sensitized solar cell, an electrochromic device, and a lithium secondary battery are fused into one device. The all-in-one device according to the disclosure includes a photoelectrode uses as an active layer of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), a counter electrode used as an electrochromic layer opposite to the photoelectrode, and an electrolyte containing a lithium salt. The all-in-one device according to the disclosure allows the function of the DSSC that generates electrons by receiving solar energy, the function of an electrochromic device (ECD) that blocks light by discoloring an electrode with generated electrons, and the function of a lithium secondary battery (LIB) that stores generated electrons and uses the stored electrons again to be all implemented by one device.

Disclosed is a power storage unit which can safely operate over a wide temperature range. The power storage unit includes: a power storage device; a heater for heating the power storage device; a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the power storage device; and a control circuit configured to inhibit charge of the power storage device when its temperature is lower than a first temperature or higher than a second temperature. The first temperature is exemplified by a temperature which allows the formation of a dendrite over a negative electrode of the power storage device, whereas the second temperature is exemplified by a temperature which causes decomposition of a passivating film formed over a surface of a negative electrode active material.

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for a remote oceanic environment includes a float system, at least one electric motor, and a seawater battery. The float system allows the UAV to maintain buoyancy on a body of water. The electric motor or motors produce the required lift for the UAV to achieve and maintain flight. The flight includes the UAV landing on the body of water and takeoff from the body of water. The seawater battery directly or indirectly powers the electric motor or motors using seawater from the body of water while the UAV is floating on the body of water.

An atmospheric water generation system absorbs water from an atmospheric air stream into a desiccant flowing along a flow path of a closed desiccant circulation loop. To ensure that the desiccant remains within the closed desiccant circulation loop, the atmospheric water generation system encompasses a membrane-based water extraction device that the desiccant flows through. The desiccant flows through the membrane-based water extraction device on a first side of a membrane, and the membrane separates the desiccant from a water-collection flow. Water absorbed into the desiccant passes from the desiccant, through the porous membrane, and into the water-collection flow, at least in part due to differences in temperature and/or pressure characteristics of the water flow and the desiccant flow. Water collected within the water-collection flow is directed to a storage tank for usage.

This invention relates to a power supply module for nanosatellite systems which will find application in the field of space technology and satellite communications, and in particular for powering nanosatellites. The created power supply module consists of at least one battery pack and at least one control and energy distribution module and provides maximum efficiency at a given illumination by adjusting the operating output voltage of the input stages (1.1, 1.2 and 1.3) according to the illumination of the panels. All nodes in the module are duplicated, which achieves complete redundancy of the module, which is activated after the main node is defective, or when the load is greater than the load which this main node can withstand. The use of power busbars, on the other hand, leads to a reduced voltage drop on the respective line, as well as to lower temperature losses. The input channels for the solar panels are transferred to the battery pack and it is possible to connect them in parallel when there are more than one.

A battery apparatus that includes a solar panel coupled to the battery for charging the battery and including an additional light source coupled to the battery and movable to a position to enable alternate charging of at least a portion of the battery. Accordingly, the device can generally be described as battery power source with integrated solar panel and charging light configured for placement within a housing to provide a redundant and robust power source with integrated charging capabilities.

A method for using an integrated battery and device structure includes using two or more stacked electrochemical cells integrated with each other formed overlying a surface of a substrate. The two or more stacked electrochemical cells include related two or more different electrochemistries with one or more devices formed using one or more sequential deposition processes. The one or more devices are integrated with the two or more stacked electrochemical cells to form the integrated battery and device structure as a unified structure overlying the surface of the substrate. The one or more stacked electrochemical cells and the one or more devices are integrated as the unified structure using the one or more sequential deposition processes. The integrated battery and device structure is configured such that the two or more stacked electrochemical cells and one or more devices are in electrical, chemical, and thermal conduction with each other.

A hybrid plug-in battery and hydrogen fuel engine vehicle with swappable modular hydrogen tanks and integrated with solar power generation system synergistically combines the advantages of electric vehicle, the solar powered electric vehicle, and the hydrogen fuel engine vehicle. This combination of battery electric vehicle and hydrogen fuel engine vehicle mitigates the issues of prolong charging time of battery electric vehicle and prohibitive high cost of fuel cell electric vehicle. This hybrid configuration of vehicle is able to take advantages of the electric vehicle charging station infrastructure and the hydrogen charging station infrastructure simultaneously. The introduction of the water electrolysis system into the new structure of the hybrid vehicle enables onboard hydrogen generation; has the advantage of conventional hybrid vehicle, but without using fossil fuel. The swappable hydrogen tanks comprise sensors and wireless communication electronic terminals to be shared by all vehicles.