An alkaline battery has a positive electrode mixture containing manganese dioxide and a conductive material filling a tubular positive electrode can that is closed at one end. A negative electrode mixture containing a zinc powder filling on an inner peripheral side of a separator is disposed on an inside of the positive electrode mixture. The negative electrode mixture contains zinc particles with a granularity of 75 μm or less at 25 to 40 mass %. The positive electrode mixture has a plurality of tubular pellets stacked inside the positive electrode can coaxially with the positive electrode can. A sum s of lengths of gaps between the pellets is set at 1 to 14% with respect to a sum d of lengths of the pellets. Thus, a sufficient amount of the electrolyte is held in the gaps and between the pellets in the positive electrode.

A resin sealing gasket 10 to be incorporated in an alkaline battery 1 housing a power generation element (3 to 5) in a cylindrical battery can 2 closed at a bottom, the sealing gasket configured to insulate a top opening of the battery can and a negative electrode terminal plate 7 from each other. The sealing gasket includes: an outer periphery part 14 standing upward from the rim of a disc-shaped partition part 13; a boss part 11 in a hollow cylindrical shape enabling a rod-shaped negative electrode current collector 6 to stand at the center of the partition part; and a thin-walled portion 15 formed in a groove shape along the outer periphery of the boss part and being thinner than other portions of the partition part.

A resin sealing gasket 10 to be incorporated in an alkaline battery 1 housing a power generation element (3 to 5) in a cylindrical battery can 2 closed at a bottom, the sealing gasket configured to insulate a top opening of the battery can and a negative electrode terminal plate 7 from each other. The sealing gasket includes: an outer periphery part 14 standing upward from the rim of a disc-shaped partition part 13; a boss part 11 in a hollow cylindrical shape enabling a rod-shaped negative electrode current collector 6 to stand at the center of the partition part; and a thin-walled portion 15 formed in a groove shape along the outer periphery of the boss part and being thinner than other portions of the partition part.

An electrochemical cell comprises a can comprising a cylindrical side wall extending from a closed end wall. The closed end wall comprises a protrusion. The protrusion has a protrusion cavity therein. A pre-formed pellet of a first electrode material is disposed in the protrusion cavity. The electrochemical cell may further comprise a separator defining an inner cavity and separating the inner cavity from an outer cavity. The outer cavity is defined by the can and the separator. The electrochemical cell may further comprise a first electrode material disposed in the outer cavity; and a second electrode material disposed in the inner cavity.

An alkaline electrochemical cell includes a cathode, an anode which includes an anode active material, and a non-conductive separator disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein from about 20% to about 50% by weight of the anode active material relative to a total amount of anode active material has a particle size of less than about 75 μm, and wherein the separator includes a unitary, cylindrical configuration having an open end, a side wall, and integrally formed closed end disposed distally to the open end.

A button cell includes a housing, the housing having a cell cup with a flat bottom area, and a cell top with a flat top area, and further includes an electrode-separator assembly winding disposed within the housing, the electrode-separator assembly winding including a multi-layer assembly that is wound in a spiral shape about an axis. The multi-layer assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The button cell additionally includes a first output conductor between a first end face of the electrode-separator assembly winding and a first of the flat bottom area or the flat top area, and a second output conductor between a second end face of the electrode-separator assembly winding and a second of the flat bottom area or the flat top area. Furthermore, the button cell includes a first insulator and a second insulator.

There is provided An inside-out alkaline battery, including: a cylindrical cathode can that has a bottom, that performs a function of a cathode current collector, that has a nickel-plated layer on an inner surface of the cathode can, and that has a coating on a surface layer of the nickel-plated layer, the coating being composed of nickel-cobalt alloy, a thickness of the coating being between 0.15 μm and 0.25 μm (both inclusive), a ratio of cobalt in the nickel-cobalt alloy being between 40% and 60% (both inclusive); and a cathode mixture that is disposed in the cathode can, that is annular in shape, and that contains a cathode active material.

There is provided An inside-out alkaline battery, including: a cylindrical cathode can that has a bottom, that performs a function of a cathode current collector, that has a nickel-plated layer on an inner surface of the cathode can, and that has a coating on a surface layer of the nickel-plated layer, the coating being composed of nickel-cobalt alloy, a thickness of the coating being between 0.15 μm and 0.25 μm (both inclusive), a ratio of cobalt in the nickel-cobalt alloy being between 40% and 60% (both inclusive); and a cathode mixture that is disposed in the cathode can, that is annular in shape, and that contains a cathode active material.

Various embodiments are directed to an electrochemical cell having a non-homogeneous anode. The electrochemical cell includes a container, a cathode forming a hollow cylinder within the container, an anode positioned within the hollow cylinder of the cathode, and a separator between the cathode and the anode. The anode defines a characteristic gradient between an interior portion of the anode and the outermost surface of the anode adjacent the separator. The characteristic gradient may be defined as, for example, an average active material particle size within the anode that changes as a function of the radial location within the anode or a surfactant concentration gradient that changes as a function of the radial location within the anode.