A fuel cell device has a mounting plate on which a fuel cell unit having a predefined number of fuel cells is arranged, the mounting plate and the fuel cell unit comprising media connections for guiding media, in particular for guiding a coolant and for guiding reactants, and electrical contact points for electrically connecting the fuel cell unit to the mounting plate. Further media connections and further electrical contact points are designed or arranged on the fuel cell unit in such a way that the fuel cell unit can be connected or is connected to a second fuel cell unit with a mechanical fluid connection for further guidance of the media and electrical connection for power uptake.

A fuel cell includes sensors. Each sensor includes: a sensor portion provided on at least one of separators, a frame member, and an electrolyte membrane; and a wiring portion connected to the sensor portion and extending to an outer peripheral portion of one of the separators or an outer peripheral portion of a membrane electrode assembly. The sensor further includes a base insulating film covering a sensor arrangement region; wiring patterns laminated on the base insulating film; and a covering insulating film covering the wiring patterns and portions of the base insulating film not covered with the wiring patterns.

A fuel cell energy circulative utilization system includes an input energy, a first electric cell having an electricity output terminal and an energy output terminal, a second electric cell having an electricity input terminal, an energy input terminal, and an energy output terminal, and an energy circulation control device connected among the first and second electric cells and the input energy. The input energy includes an energy source containing hydrocarbons or hydrogen and connected to an energy input port of the first electric cell in order to make the first electric cell outputs electricity through the electricity output terminal and energy products of thermal energy and water through the energy output terminal. The electricity output terminal and the energy output terminal for thermal energy and water of the first electric cell are respectively connected to the electricity input terminal and the energy input terminal of the second electric cell, in order to make the second electric cell to at least output a hydrogen source through the energy output terminal thereof to the energy circulation control device, so that the energy circulation control device controls circulation of hydrogen for feeding to the energy input terminal of the first electric cell for reuse. The energy circulation control device is also operable to switch operations of the first and second electric cells between working modes of solid oxide electrolysis cell and solid oxide fuel cell.

A fuel cell including: a diaphragm/electrodes assembly including a first electrode forming an anode, and a first reinforcement attached to a surface of the diaphragm and surrounding the first electrode; two bipolar plates, having the diaphragm/electrodes assembly placed therebetween and including at least one flow collector passing therethrough, a first surface of the diaphragm including an active area and a connection area and arranged between the flow collector and the active area; a conductor track rigidly connected to the first surface of the diaphragm and extending between the connection area and one edge of the diaphragm that projects beyond the first reinforcement; and a measurement electrode, positioned on the connection area of the first surface of the diaphragm and making electrical contact with the conductor track.

A fuel cell energy circulative utilization system includes an input energy, a first electric cell having an electricity output terminal and an energy output terminal, a second electric cell having an electricity input terminal, an energy input terminal, and an energy output terminal, and an energy circulation control device connected among the first and second electric cells and the input energy. The input energy includes an energy source containing hydrocarbons or hydrogen and connected to an energy input port of the first electric cell in order to make the first electric cell outputs electricity through the electricity output terminal and energy products of thermal energy and water through the energy output terminal. The electricity output terminal and the energy output terminal for thermal energy and water of the first electric cell are respectively connected to the electricity input terminal and the energy input terminal of the second electric cell, in order to make the second electric cell to at least output a hydrogen source through the energy output terminal thereof to the energy circulation control device, so that the energy circulation control device controls circulation of hydrogen for feeding to the energy input terminal of the first electric cell for reuse. The energy circulation control device is also operable to switch operations of the first and second electric cells between working modes of solid oxide electrolysis cell and solid oxide fuel cell.

A redox flow battery with an electrochemical balancing cell having first and second chambers. The first chamber includes a catalyst coated substrate and the second chamber includes an electrode. Each receives an electrolyte from the redox flow battery. There is a single interface between the two chambers. The balancing cell reverses parasitic reactions in the first chamber that occur in the redox flow battery. The products of the reversed reactions are carried away from the electrochemical balancing cell and back to the redox flow battery in the electrolyte that carried the reactant to the first chamber. Also, processes for reversing a parasitic reaction in a redox flow battery.

A biodegradable solid aqueous electrolyte composition, an electrochemical device incorporating the electrolyte composition, and methods for the same are provided. The electrolyte composition may include a rubber-like hydrogel including a copolymer and a salt. The copolymer may include at least two polycaprolactone chains coupled with a polymeric center block. The polymeric center block may include polyvinyl alcohol. The hydrogel may be biodegradable. The electrochemical device may include an anode, a cathode, and the electrolyte composition disposed between the anode and the cathode.

A fuel cell stack includes a plurality of fuel cells arranged in the direction of the stack and tensioned by means of tension elements, of which at least one has a cell voltage tap for electrical connection to a cell monitoring unit, wherein the at least one cell voltage tap is mechanically secured by at least one of the tension elements as regards the connection to the fuel cells. A fuel cell device and a motor vehicle with a fuel cell device are also provided.

A fuel cell device has a mounting plate on which a fuel cell unit having a predefined number of fuel cells is arranged, the mounting plate and the fuel cell unit comprising media connections for guiding media, in particular for guiding a coolant and for guiding reactants, and electrical contact points for electrically connecting the fuel cell unit to the mounting plate. Further media connections and further electrical contact points are designed or arranged on the fuel cell unit in such a way that the fuel cell unit can be connected or is connected to a second fuel cell unit with a mechanical fluid connection for further guidance of the media and electrical connection for power uptake.

A biodegradable solid aqueous electrolyte composition, an electrochemical device incorporating the electrolyte composition, and methods for the same are provided. The electrolyte composition may include a hydrogel of a copolymer and a salt dispersed in the hydrogel. The copolymer may include at least two polycaprolactone chains attached to a polymeric center block. The electrochemical device may include an anode, a cathode, and the electrolyte composition disposed between the anode and the cathode. The electrolyte composition may include a crosslinked, biodegradable polymeric material that is radiatively curable prior to being crosslinked.