To provide a hydrogen system operation planning device capable of accurately preparing an operation plan that achieves efficient operation in a hydrogen system. In the hydrogen system operation planning device of the embodiment, a classification unit receives input of DR commands regarding demand for electric power in the hydrogen system and classifies the input DR commands into a first DR group and a second DR group with a lower priority than the first DR group. A first planning unit prepares a first operation plan to reflect the DR command classified into the first DR group. A second planning unit prepares a second operation plan by reflecting contents of the DR command classified into the second DR group on the first operation plan so that contents of the DR command classified into the first DR group have priority over the contents of the DR command classified into the second DR group.

An apparatus for splitting the power of fuel cell systems in a vehicle comprises: a first fuel cell system and at least one further fuel cell system, which are configured to convert hydrogen and oxygen into water in order to generate electrical energy therefrom, and a controller unit, which is configured to actuate the first fuel cell system and the further fuel cell system with an electrical signal. The apparatus is configured to actuate the first fuel cell system and the further fuel cell system with the electrical signal in time offset fashion.

Described herein is a fuel cell and battery hybrid system (1) comprising one or more sets (2) of serially connected fuel cells (FC1-n). The one or more sets (2) of serially connected fuel cells (FC1-n) are further serially connected via a respective fuel cell series enhancer (3). The serially connected sets (2) are further connected in parallel with a battery (4) via a fuel cell power charge controller (5). Each respective set (2) of serially connected fuel cells (FC1-n) is further arranged be controlled by the fuel cell series enhancer (3) to operate electrically independent from other sets (2) of serially connected fuel cells (FC1-n) and at its own unique maximum power point or uniquely selected other operating point, regardless of the operating points of other sets (2) of serially connected fuel cells (FC1-n).

A propulsion system for an aircraft includes a fuel cell assembly, the fuel cell assembly including a fuel cell, and a turbomachine, the turbomachine including a compressor section, a combustor, and a turbine section arranged in serial flow order. The combustor is configured to receive a flow of fuel and further configured to receive output products from the fuel cell. A controller is configured to receive data indicative of an engine constraint of the turbomachine, determine that the engine constraint has achieved a fuel cell trim threshold; and perform a fuel cell corrective action with the fuel cell assembly in response to determining that the engine constraint has achieved the fuel cell trim threshold.

A fuel cell system (200), wherein the fuel cell system (200) has: a) a fuel cell stack (10), b) an anode gas path (20) which fluidically communicates with the fuel cell stack (10) and which serves for supplying anode gas from an anode gas store (22) to the fuel cell stack (10), c) a cathode gas path (30) which fluidically communicates with the fuel cell stack (10) and which serves for supplying cathode gas from a cathode gas store (32) to the fuel cell stack (10), d) a cooling fluid path (40) which fluidically communicates with the fuel cell stack (10) and which serves for supplying cooling fluid from a cooling fluid store (42) to the fuel cell stack (10), e) a vibration generator (60) which is in data-transmitting communication with a control unit (50) and which serves for setting the fuel cell stack (10) into a vibrating state, and f) the control unit (50) for actuating the vibration generator (60) in order to set the fuel cell stack (10) into the vibrating state by means of the vibration generator (60).

An exemplary fuel cell ship is a fuel cell ship for propelling a hull by using electric power supplied from a fuel cell that generates electric power through an electrochemical reaction of fuel, and includes a compartment including an emission source of the fuel and a first detector arranged in the compartment to detect the fuel. If the first detector detects that a concentration of the fuel in the compartment is equal to or greater than a first threshold value, a power supply to a non-explosion-proof device in the compartment is stopped.

A linear time varying model predictive control (LTV-MPC) framework is developed for degradation-conscious control of automotive polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. A reduced-order nonlinear model of the entire system is derived first. This nonlinear model is then successively linearized about the current operating point to obtain a linear model. The linear model is utilized to formulate the control problem using a rate-based MPC formulation. The controller objective is to ensure offset-free tracking of the power demand, while maximizing the overall system efficiency and enhancing its durability. To this end, the fuel consumption and the power loss due to auxiliary equipment are minimized. Moreover, the internal states of the fuel cell stack are constrained to avoid harmful conditions that are known stressors of the fuel cell components.

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a power management system (e.g., a power management for a fuel cell or a fuel cell system) includes a fuel cell to generate an electrical power output; a metastable hydrogen carrier to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell; a heater coupled with the metastable hydrogen carrier; and a controller coupled to the heater to control a rate of hydrogen release from the metastable hydrogen carrier. A method of operating a fuel cell system includes controlling an electrical power input to a heater utilizing a controller; heating a metastable hydrogen carrier to a temperature by the heater and to generate hydrogen to feed a fuel cell. The heater is coupled to the controller, and the controller controls the electrical power input to the heater according to a relationship between a rate of hydrogen release and the temperature and a composition of the metastable hydrogen carrier.

A biogas-utilizing methanation system includes: a solid oxide fuel cell using a to-be-treated gas as a fuel gas; a hydrogen production device capable of producing hydrogen by using power of a renewable energy power generation device; and a methanation device capable of methanating carbon dioxide in the system with the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device. The carbon dioxide in the system can be stored in a storage device on the basis of the supply amount of the to-be-treated gas or the power of the renewable energy power generation device.

A fuel cell based power generator includes a fuel cell element, an ambient air path configured to receive ambient air and provide the ambient air across a cathode side of the fuel cell element, receive water from the fuel cell element and provide wet air to the water exchanger element, and a fuel cell cooling mechanism associated with the fuel cell element, separate from the ambient air path and configured to cool the fuel cell element.