An antenna apparatus includes a first antenna array that includes at least one antenna unit, and a first antenna unit in the at least one antenna unit includes a first patch subunit and a first feeder subunit. The first feeder subunit includes a first feeder and a second feeder. A first included angle θ between the first patch subunit and the first feeder satisfies 0<θ<90°. A second included angle β between the first feeder and the second feeder satisfies 0<β<180°.

An antenna element transfers a radiofrequency signal and dissipates heat. The antenna element includes a periphery and first and second pairs of fins. The periphery has a length and a width with the length approximately equaling the width. The first and second pairs of fins extend in height from inside the periphery. The first pair of fins are separated by a shared gap for transferring a first polarization of the radiofrequency signal, and the second pair of fins are separated by the shared gap for transferring a second polarization of the radiofrequency signal that is orthogonal to the first polarization. An antenna array includes multiple instances of the antenna element for transferring the radiofrequency signal and for dissipating the heat.

An apparatus for wireless communications between communication modules, the apparatus including a main transmission line which has a plurality of coupling points, wherein the apparatus comprises a plurality of main antennas, and wherein each main antenna is linked to a coupling area for a directional coupling between the main antenna and the main transmission line at a coupling point and each main antenna is adapted to communicate with an auxiliary antenna linked to a communication module.

Base station antennas, and components for base station antennas, such as reflectors, feeder components, frames, and column components. A base station antenna may include a reflector; a first radiator located at the front side of the reflector; mutually parallel first and second ground plates extending backward from the reflector and basically perpendicular to the reflector; and a first conductor strip extending between the first and second ground plates and configured to feed power to the first radiator. The first conductor strip and the first and second ground plates may be configured as a first stripline transmission line. The reflector and the first and second ground plates may be configured as one piece so that the reflector is grounded via the first and second ground plates without soldering.

According to one embodiment, a transmission line includes a substrate; a first transmission conductor on a first surface of the substrate; first conductors penetrating from the first surface of the substrate to a second surface of the substrate on an opposite side from the first surface; second conductors on a side opposite to the first conductors with respect to the first transmission conductor, and penetrating from the first surface to the second surface; a first conductive member forming a first space surrounding the first transmission conductor, and electrically connecting the first conductors and the second conductors; and a second conductive member forming a second space surrounding a region on the second surface of the substrate, the region opposing to the first transmission conductor, and electrically connecting the first conductors and the second conductors.

Presently disclosed is an antenna system having an array of ridged waveguide Vivaldi radiator (RWVR) antenna elements fed through a corporate network of suspended air striplines (SAS) with an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) ground plane surrounding the ridged waveguide transition. The SAS transfers the electromagnetic energy to the radiating element via the ridged waveguide coupler. The Vivaldi radiator matches the output impedance of the ridged waveguide coupler/SAS to the intrinsic impedance of the surrounding medium. The EBG, which may be comprised of a photonic bandgap material or other metamaterial, allows for better frequency and bandwidth performance in a lower-profile array package, thereby reducing size and weight of the array for applications requiring small size and or low-inertia packaging. In alternate embodiments, radiating elements other than Vivaldi radiators may be used. This configuration also reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process, which in turn lowers cost.

An antenna array includes an array of antenna bodies (121, 122) arranged on a planar structure (110), which, in turn, contains a circuit board (210) with a ground-plane layer (420). The array of antenna bodies (121, 122) is arranged on a top side of the circuit board (210). Each of the antenna bodies (121, 122) is dome shaped and attached to the top side of the circuit board (210) along its base. Each of the antenna bodies (121, 122) is connected to a respective top transmission line (450) configured to convey microwave signals to and/or from said antenna bodies (121, 122). The top transmission lines (450) are further connected to bottom transmission lines (430) via coaxial probes (440) through the ground-plane layer (420). A resonance cavity (460) is arranged below the top side of the circuit board (210) between each of the antenna bodies (121, 122). This accomplishes a highly compact design that can be produced in a cost-efficient manner.

Base station antennas, and components for base station antennas, such as reflectors, feeder components, frames, and column components. A base station antenna may include a reflector; a first radiator located at the front side of the reflector; mutually parallel first and second ground plates extending backward from the reflector and basically perpendicular to the reflector; and a first conductor strip extending between the first and second ground plates and configured to feed power to the first radiator. The first conductor strip and the first and second ground plates may be configured as a first stripline transmission line. The reflector and the first and second ground plates may be configured as one piece so that the reflector is grounded via the first and second ground plates without soldering.

Systems, devices, and methods related to antenna elements with perforations and augmentations are provided. An example patch antenna structure includes a first conductive patch on a first layer of the structure, where the first conductive patch includes one or more perforations at a periphery of a first side of the first conductive patch, and one or more extended conductive portions at a second side of the first conductive patch, the second side opposite the first side; a ground plane on a ground layer of the structure, the ground layer spaced apart from the first layer; and a first signal feed to couple a signal to the first conductive patch. In an example, an individual extended conductive portion of the one or more extended conductive portions may compensate a radiation pattern associated with a corresponding one of the one or more perforations.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna, including a first antenna portion and a detachable second antenna portion that is connected to the first antenna portion, where the first antenna portion includes a first radome and a first reflection plate disposed in the first radome, the second antenna portion includes a second radome and a second reflection plate disposed in the second radome, and a working surface of the first reflection plate and a working surface of the second reflection plate are coplanar; and a plurality of antenna arrays on the working surface of the first reflection plate and a plurality of antenna arrays on the working surface of the second reflection plate are configured to construct different types of antennas based on a quantity of frequency bands and a quantity of transmit and receive channels that are configured for the antenna.