Several defibrillators, defibrillator architectures, defibrillator components and methods of operating defibrillators are described. In one aspect, a modular defibrillator architecture is described. A base unit provides a fully functional defibrillator. The functionality of the base unit can be supplemented by attaching an interface unit to the base unit or by connecting a smartphone the base unit. Such devices provide connectivity as well as a screen for displaying supplementary graphics and/or videos which are useful to support both emergency and maintenance & monitoring activities. In some embodiments a battery pack may also or alternatively be coupled to the base unit to prolong the unit's shelf life before recharging or replacement of its batteries is required. If necessary the base unit can be powered from a connected external device such as a mobile communication device.

Several defibrillators, defibrillator architectures, defibrillator components and methods of operating defibrillators are described. In one aspect, a modular defibrillator architecture is described. A base unit provides a fully functional defibrillator. The functionality of the base unit can be supplemented by attaching an interface unit to the base unit or by connecting a smartphone the base unit. Such devices provide connectivity as well as a screen for displaying supplementary graphics and/or videos which are useful to support both emergency and maintenance & monitoring activities. In some embodiments a battery pack may also or alternatively be coupled to the base unit to prolong the unit's shelf life before recharging or replacement of its batteries is required. If necessary the base unit can be powered from a connected external device such as a mobile communication device.

A relay assembly comprises a vital relay used in a vital circuit and configured to be rack-installed in an equipment room in a railroad case or a railroad housing for providing a modular solid-state current-limiting. The relay assembly further comprises a plurality of vital relay contacts to which a current flow is restricted by a single supply solid-state current limiter. The relay assembly further comprises a relay socket base assembly coupled to the vital relay. The relay socket base assembly includes a relay socket base including a plurality of vital relay contact prongs, a plug assembly including a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) mounted contact terminals, and a plurality of contact terminals that provide a connection between the plurality of vital relay contact prongs and the plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) mounted contact terminals. The relay assembly further comprises an ancillary electrical control module.

A relay assembly comprises a vital relay used in a vital circuit and configured to be rack-installed in an equipment room in a railroad case or a railroad housing for providing a modular solid-state current-limiting. The relay assembly further comprises a plurality of vital relay contacts to which a current flow is restricted by a single supply solid-state current limiter. The relay assembly further comprises a relay socket base assembly coupled to the vital relay. The relay socket base assembly includes a relay socket base including a plurality of vital relay contact prongs, a plug assembly including a plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) mounted contact terminals, and a plurality of contact terminals that provide a connection between the plurality of vital relay contact prongs and the plurality of printed circuit board (PCB) mounted contact terminals. The relay assembly further comprises an ancillary electrical control module.

Today, building automation and infrastructure provisioning are discrete deployments and systems such that electrical power distribution for consumption, electrical power and switching for lighting, environmental sensors, security sensors and the like are discrete and fixed. The present disclosure provides receptacles including electrical power outlets and light switches with configurable and reconfigurable additional functionality such that additional functions are distributed as necessary or required within the environment such as sensors, wireless interfaces, and data interfaces through the use of removable inserts. Further, these receptacles and inserts support artificial intelligence-based assisted living functionality through monitoring user activities with the artificial intelligence centralized or distributed locally or remotely accessed. These receptacles and inserts identify other electrical or electronic devices attached to them, allowing increased knowledge of the user's activities, as well as providing additional aspects of artificial intelligence-based assisted living such as power monitoring, and preventive maintenance.

Today, building automation and infrastructure provisioning are discrete deployments and systems such that electrical power distribution for consumption, electrical power and switching for lighting, environmental sensors, security sensors and the like are discrete and fixed. The present disclosure provides receptacles including electrical power outlets and light switches with configurable and reconfigurable additional functionality such that additional functions are distributed as necessary or required within the environment such as sensors, wireless interfaces, and data interfaces through the use of removable inserts. Further, these receptacles and inserts support artificial intelligence-based assisted living functionality through monitoring user activities with the artificial intelligence centralized or distributed locally or remotely accessed. These receptacles and inserts identify other electrical or electronic devices attached to them, allowing increased knowledge of the user's activities, as well as providing additional aspects of artificial intelligence-based assisted living such as power monitoring, and preventive maintenance.

A card connector, a card holder, and a terminal device, where the card connector includes a plurality of first terminals and one or more second terminals. The first terminals are arranged to form a first card access area that installs a first card, and the first terminals are configured to be electrically coupled to the first card. The one or more second terminals are distributed on a periphery of the first card access area, the first terminals and the one or more second terminals form a second card access area that installs a second card, and the first terminals and the one or more second terminals are configured to be electrically coupled to the second card.

A card connector, a card holder, and a terminal device, where the card connector includes a plurality of first terminals and one or more second terminals. The first terminals are arranged to form a first card access area that installs a first card, and the first terminals are configured to be electrically coupled to the first card. The one or more second terminals are distributed on a periphery of the first card access area, the first terminals and the one or more second terminals form a second card access area that installs a second card, and the first terminals and the one or more second terminals are configured to be electrically coupled to the second card.

A modular electrical bus system for a valve manifold has a communication module, a valve driver module, and a plurality of I/O modules each having a plurality of I/O fittings being both electrically and mechanically connectable together via a bridge member connecting adjacent modules. The bridge member has a housing with an interior for housing electronic components for memory storage or Wi-fi reception and transmission that is operably connected to a complementary electrical fitting constructed to be connected to an electrical fitting of a module of said electrical fieldbus system without adding extra length to said bank of modules of said electrical fieldbus system.

A modular electrical bus system for a valve manifold has a communication module, a valve driver module, and a plurality of I/O modules each having a plurality of I/O fittings being both electrically and mechanically connectable together via a bridge member connecting adjacent modules. The bridge member has a housing with an interior for housing electronic components for memory storage or Wi-fi reception and transmission that is operably connected to a complementary electrical fitting constructed to be connected to an electrical fitting of a module of said electrical fieldbus system without adding extra length to said bank of modules of said electrical fieldbus system.